Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the creatine kinase reaction for rapid ATP regeneration in muscle?

$$\mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{Creatine~Phosphate} \xrightarrow{\text{Creatine~Kinase}} \mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{Creatine}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

It stores and releases calcium ions ($$\mathrm{Ca$$^{2+}$$}) $$necessary for muscle contraction.

Question 2

A patient presents with muscle weakness after a marathon. Which energy system is most likely depleted, and what is the primary byproduct responsible for muscle fatigue in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis; lactic acid

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why skeletal muscle fibers are multinucleated?

Accepted Answer

They result from the fusion of multiple myoblasts during development.

Question 4

During a biceps curl, the biceps brachii acts as the agonist. Which muscle acts as the antagonist in this movement?

Accepted Answer

Triceps brachii

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the length-tension relationship in skeletal muscle is correct?

Accepted Answer

Maximum force is generated when there is optimal overlap between thick and thin filaments.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between isometric and isotonic muscle contractions?

Accepted Answer

Isometric contractions generate tension without changing muscle length, while isotonic contractions change muscle length.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic used to name skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

Number of mitochondria

Question 8

A patient is unable to abduct their arm at the shoulder joint. Which muscle is most likely injured?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of acetylcholine (ACh) at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

ACh binds to receptors on the sarcolemma, initiating an action potential in the muscle fiber.

Question 10

Which of the following is a primary difference between multiunit and single-unit smooth muscle?

Accepted Answer

Multiunit smooth muscle fibers contract independently, while single-unit smooth muscle fibers contract as a unit due to gap junctions.

Question 11

Which of the following equations correctly represents the creatine kinase reaction for rapid ATP regeneration in muscle?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{Creatine~Phosphate} \xrightarrow{	ext{Creatine~Kinase}} \mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{Creatine}$$

Question 12

Which of the following muscles is responsible for flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint?

Accepted Answer

Biceps brachii

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why oxygen debt occurs after intense exercise?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is required to restore ATP, creatine phosphate, and convert lactic acid back to pyruvate.

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of muscle tone?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining posture and stabilizing joints

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the organization of a sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

It is the functional unit of a myofibril, defined as the region between two Z discs.

Question 16

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the rotator cuff?

Accepted Answer

Teres major

Question 17

A patient has difficulty dorsiflexing the foot. Which muscle is most likely weakened?

Accepted Answer

Tibialis anterior

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between thick and thin filaments in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Thick filaments are composed of myosin, while thin filaments are composed of actin, troponin, and tropomyosin.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a muscle and its action?

Accepted Answer

Rectus abdominis – flexes the vertebral column

Question 20

Which of the following best explains the process of motor unit recruitment as the intensity of stimulation increases?

Accepted Answer

More motor units are activated, resulting in greater muscle force.

Muscle Tissue and the Muscular System: Study Guide (Chapters 10 & 11)

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