Question 1

Which property is shared by all types of muscle tissue and is essential for their function?

Accepted Answer

Excitability (responsiveness) to stimuli

Question 2

A patient is unable to move their arm due to a severed nerve. Which property of skeletal muscle explains why the muscle cannot contract?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle contraction is voluntary and requires neural stimulation

Question 3

Which connective tissue layer surrounds individual muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Endomysium

Question 4

During a muscle contraction, which of the following changes occur in the sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

The H band narrows and the Z lines move closer together

Question 5

Which event directly triggers the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum during excitation-contraction coupling?

Accepted Answer

Arrival of an action potential at the T tubules

Question 6

A muscle fiber is stimulated repeatedly at a frequency that does not allow complete relaxation between stimuli. What is this phenomenon called?

Accepted Answer

Wave summation

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of creatine phosphate (CP) in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

It stores energy that is used to regenerate ATP from ADP

Question 8

Which type of muscle contraction occurs when a person tries to lift a heavy object but the object does not move?

Accepted Answer

Isometric contraction

Question 9

A marathon runner’s leg muscles are dominated by which type of muscle fiber, and why?

Accepted Answer

Slow fibers, because they have high endurance and many mitochondria

Question 10

Which of the following is a unique structural feature of cardiac muscle cells compared to skeletal muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Presence of intercalated discs

Question 11

Which process is responsible for the removal and recycling of lactate produced during intense exercise?

Accepted Answer

Cori cycle

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why rigor mortis occurs after death?

Accepted Answer

Calcium ions remain in the cytosol and ATP is depleted, preventing cross-bridge detachment

Question 13

Which hormone increases the rate of energy consumption in both resting and active muscles?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 14

Which of the following is true regarding the length-tension relationship in skeletal muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Maximum tension is produced at an optimal sarcomere length where the maximum number of cross-bridges can form

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of troponin in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

It binds calcium ions, causing tropomyosin to move and expose active sites on actin

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of smooth muscle tissue but NOT of skeletal muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Ability to contract over a wide range of lengths (plasticity)

Question 17

A patient with Clostridium tetani infection experiences sustained, powerful muscle contractions. What is the physiological explanation for this symptom?

Accepted Answer

The toxin prevents the breakdown of acetylcholine, causing continuous stimulation

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why muscle tone is important for posture?

Accepted Answer

It provides a resting tension that stabilizes bones and joints

Question 19

Which of the following is a direct result of the power stroke during the contraction cycle?

Accepted Answer

Myosin head pivots, pulling actin toward the M line

Question 20

Which of the following statements about motor units is correct?

Accepted Answer

Smaller motor units allow for finer control of movement

Chapter 10 Muscle Tissue: Structure, Function, and Physiology

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