Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of calcium ions ($$\mathrm{Ca$$^{2+}$$}) $$during skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Calcium binds to troponin, causing exposure of myosin-binding sites on actin.

Question 2

A patient is unable to relax their muscles after contraction, resulting in muscle stiffness. Which step of the cross-bridge cycle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Cross bridge detachment due to lack of ATP

Question 3

Which connective tissue covering surrounds an individual muscle fiber?

Accepted Answer

Endomysium

Question 4

During a biceps curl, the biceps brachii acts as the prime mover (agonist). Which muscle role is performed by the triceps brachii in this movement?

Accepted Answer

Antagonist

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the sliding filament model is correct?

Accepted Answer

Thin filaments slide past thick filaments, increasing overlap without shortening the filaments.

Question 6

A muscle is contracting but its length does not change. Which type of contraction is occurring?

Accepted Answer

Isometric

Question 7

Which of the following muscle types is both striated and involuntary?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle

Question 8

Which process provides the greatest amount of ATP for sustained muscle contraction during a marathon?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration

Question 9

What is the correct order of skeletal muscle organization from largest to smallest structure?

Accepted Answer

Muscle → Fascicle → Muscle fiber → Myofibril

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of the transverse tubules (T-tubules) in skeletal muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Conduct action potentials deep into the muscle fiber

Question 11

A muscle with fascicles arranged on both sides of a central tendon is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Bipennate

Question 12

Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction to initiate muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 13

If a person is standing upright and maintaining posture without moving, which property of muscle is primarily responsible?

Accepted Answer

Muscle tone

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Store genetic information

Question 15

In the body, bones act as _______, joints act as _______, and muscles provide the _______.

Accepted Answer

Levers; fulcrums; effort

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

The region between two Z discs and the smallest functional unit of muscle contraction

Question 17

A muscle that assists the prime mover by adding extra force or reducing unnecessary movement is called a:

Accepted Answer

Synergist

Question 18

Which of the following scenarios is an example of an eccentric isotonic contraction?

Accepted Answer

Lowering a heavy box slowly to the ground

Question 19

Which structure in a muscle fiber stores and releases calcium ions necessary for contraction?

Accepted Answer

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why ATP is required for muscle relaxation?

Accepted Answer

ATP is needed to detach myosin heads from actin filaments.

Ch. 9-Muscle Tissue: Structure, Function, and Physiology

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