Question 1

Which of the following statements about axons is true?

Accepted Answer

They have a uniform width throughout the length.

Question 2

A neuron is at rest if the inside of the cell is:

Accepted Answer

More negative than the outside

Question 3

Which of the following describes the absolute refractory period?

Accepted Answer

It happens when the neuron is completely insensitive to a second stimulus.

Question 4

This refers to a shift in membrane potential toward a more positive value.

Accepted Answer

Depolarization

Question 5

Which of the following ions is primarily responsible for the initiation of the action potential in neurons?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Question 6

Which of the following hormones produced by the endocrine system is involved in the development and function of the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Thymosin

Question 7

How does the receptor-hormone complex affect gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Binding to a specific DNA sequence

Question 8

In the phosphoinositide pathway, which second messengers are produced as a result of phospholipase C (PLC) activation?

Accepted Answer

IP3 and DAG

Question 9

The adenohypophysis releases all of the following hormones into the circulation, except:

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone

Question 10

Which part of the vascular layer of the eye absorbs excess light to prevent reflection and scattering?

Accepted Answer

Choroid

Question 11

Rods are for scotopic vision while cones are for:

Accepted Answer

Photopic vision

Question 12

Which of the following areas of the retina provides the sharpest vision?

Accepted Answer

Fovea

Question 13

Which of the following statements about gustatory cells is false?

Accepted Answer

They have goblet cells that allow contact with tastants.

Question 14

Which layer of the eyeball is responsible for protection and muscle attachment?

Accepted Answer

Sclera

Question 15

For an individual with myopia, where are the light rays focused within the eye?

Accepted Answer

In front of the retina

Question 16

Proprioceptors play a crucial role in providing information about body position and movement. Determine which of the following is not considered a proprioceptor:

Accepted Answer

Baroreceptors

Question 17

Which of the following is considered the integration center for reflex arcs where the afferent neurons synapse with interneurons?

Accepted Answer

Spinal cord

Question 18

Which of the following conditions can be diagnosed using a somatic reflex test?

Accepted Answer

Spinal cord injury

Question 19

Which neuronal pathway transmits pain and temperature sensations?

Accepted Answer

Spinothalamic pathway

Question 20

The following are nerves in the peripheral nervous system, except:

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve

Neural and Sensory Physiology: Key Concepts and Mechanisms

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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