$$ V_{rest} = -70\ \text{mV} $$

$$ 3\ \text{Na}^+ \text{out} - 2\ \text{K}^+ \text{in} = 1\ \text{positive charge out} $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of neuroglia (glial cells) in neural tissue?

Accepted Answer

They support and protect neurons.

Question 2

A patient with multiple sclerosis experiences poor muscle coordination. Which neural structure is most directly affected in this disease?

Accepted Answer

Myelin sheath

Question 3

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the sodium-potassium pump in neurons?

Accepted Answer

It moves 2 potassium ions in and 3 sodium ions out.

Question 4

During the propagation of an action potential in a myelinated axon, which process allows for rapid conduction?

Accepted Answer

Saltatory conduction at the nodes of Ranvier

Question 5

Which equation best represents the resting membrane potential of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$ V_{rest} = -70\ 	ext{mV} $$

Question 6

Which type of neuron is most commonly found in the central nervous system and is responsible for skeletal muscle motor control?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar neuron

Question 7

A local anesthetic such as Novocain blocks sodium channels. What is the immediate effect on neural activity?

Accepted Answer

Action potentials are prevented from occurring.

Question 8

Which neuroglial cell is responsible for maintaining the blood-brain barrier in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Astrocytes

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the sequence of events at a chemical synapse?

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmitter is released, binds to postsynaptic receptors, and is reabsorbed by the presynaptic neuron.

Question 10

Which structural classification of neuron is most likely to be found in the sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Unipolar neuron

Question 11

A neuron is stimulated and its membrane potential changes from $$ -70\ 	ext{mV}  to$$ $$ -55\ 	ext{mV} . $$What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of microglia in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Clean up cellular debris and pathogens

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why myelinated axons conduct impulses faster than unmyelinated axons?

Accepted Answer

Action potentials jump from node to node (saltatory conduction).

Question 14

Which equation represents the net charge movement by the sodium-potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

$$ 3\ 	ext{Na}^+ 	ext{out} - 2\ 	ext{K}^+ 	ext{in} = 1\ 	ext{positive charge out} $$

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Delivering sensory information to the CNS

Question 16

Which neuroglial cell forms myelin sheaths around peripheral axons?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cell

Question 17

A neuron is exposed to a stimulus that increases the membrane potential from $$ -70\ 	ext{mV}  to$$ $$ -80\ 	ext{mV} . $$What is this change called?

Accepted Answer

Hyperpolarization

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of proprioceptors?

Accepted Answer

Monitor position and movement of skeletal muscles and joints

Question 19

Which statement about action potentials is correct?

Accepted Answer

They follow an all-or-none law and are always separate events.

Question 20

Which of the following is a characteristic of local neurons?

Accepted Answer

They produce graded potentials that vary in magnitude.

Neural Tissue and the Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions