Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the Central Nervous System (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

Process and coordinate sensory data and motor commands

Question 2

A patient suffers damage to the afferent division of their peripheral nervous system. Which function would most likely be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Receiving sensory information from the environment

Question 3

Which structure of a neuron is primarily responsible for carrying the electrical signal (action potential) to its target?

Accepted Answer

Axon

Question 4

Which type of neuroglia is responsible for maintaining the blood-brain barrier in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Astrocytes

Question 5

A neuron with one dendrite and one axon is classified as which type?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar neuron

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the role of neurotransmitters at the synapse?

Accepted Answer

They are chemical messengers released at the presynaptic membrane

Question 7

Which equation best represents the calculation of the resting membrane potential ($V_m$) of a neuron, considering the concentration gradients of major ions?

Accepted Answer

$V_m = \frac{RT}{F} \ln \left( \frac{P_{K^+}[K^+]_{out} + P_{Na^+}[Na^+]_{out} + P_{Cl^-}[Cl^-]_{in}}{P_{K^+}[K^+]_{in} + P_{Na^+}[Na^+]_{in} + P_{Cl^-}[Cl^-]_{out}} \right)$

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of astrocytes in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 9

Which part of the neuron is most likely to contain synaptic vesicles filled with neurotransmitters?

Accepted Answer

Synaptic terminal

Question 10

A patient is unable to contract their skeletal muscles voluntarily. Which division of the nervous system is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Somatic nervous system (SNS)

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of ependymal cells?

Accepted Answer

Line central canal and ventricles, secrete and monitor cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct pairing of neuron type and its function?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar neuron – common in the CNS, involved in motor function

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the process of axoplasmic transport?

Accepted Answer

Transport of materials between the cell body and synaptic terminal

Question 14

Which sensory receptor type is responsible for monitoring the position and movement of skeletal muscles and joints?

Accepted Answer

Proprioceptors

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE regarding interneurons?

Accepted Answer

They are involved in higher functions such as memory, planning, and learning

Question 16

Which equation would you use to estimate the equilibrium potential for potassium ($E_{K^+}$) in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

$E_{K^+} = \frac{RT}{F} \ln \left( \frac{[K^+]_{out}}{[K^+]_{in}} \right)$

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the efferent division of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Carries motor commands from the CNS to muscles and glands

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of the axon hillock?

Accepted Answer

It is the thickened region of the cell body that initiates the action potential

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE about the synaptic cleft?

Accepted Answer

It is the gap that separates the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct description of the function of microglia in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Act as phagocytes to remove debris and pathogens

Neural Tissue: Structure and Function in the Nervous System

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