$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 32\ \mathrm{ATP} + \text{heat}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements about essential amino acids is correct for adults?

Accepted Answer

Adults must ingest 8 essential amino acids because they cannot synthesize them.

Question 2

Which vitamin deficiency is most likely to cause beriberi, characterized by tingling, poor coordination, and reduced heart function?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B1 (thiamine)

Question 3

A patient presents with muscle cramps and reduced appetite. Which mineral deficiency is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Potassium (K)

Question 4

Which process describes the formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors, such as amino acids and lipids?

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 5

During the citric acid cycle, how many NADH molecules are produced per acetyl CoA?

Accepted Answer

3

Question 6

Which equation correctly represents the overall reaction for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 32\ \mathrm{ATP} + 	ext{heat}$$

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of lipids in the body?

Accepted Answer

Main source of ATP for neurons

Question 8

Which vitamin is synthesized by the skin upon exposure to sunlight and is important for calcium absorption?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Question 9

What is the primary function of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To create a proton gradient used for ATP synthesis

Question 10

Which hormone is released during the absorptive state to stimulate glucose uptake and storage?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 11

Which process occurs when ATP and glucose levels are high, resulting in the conversion of intermediates into triglycerides for storage?

Accepted Answer

Lipogenesis

Question 12

Which mineral is a component of hemoglobin and is essential for oxygen transport in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Iron (Fe)

Question 13

Which of the following statements about cholesterol is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

LDL cholesterol should be kept below 160 mg/dl to reduce cardiovascular risk.

Question 14

Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin that requires intrinsic factor for absorption?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)

Question 15

Which metabolic pathway is responsible for splitting glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 16

A patient with anemia, tissue wasting, and edema is most likely suffering from a deficiency in which macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Question 17

Which of the following is a trace mineral required for thyroid hormone synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Iodine (I)

Question 18

Which process describes the removal of the amino group from amino acids before they are used for energy?

Accepted Answer

Deamination

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of phospholipids in the body?

Accepted Answer

Structural basis for cell membranes and myelin sheaths

Question 20

Which metabolic state is characterized by catabolism exceeding anabolism and the main goal of maintaining blood glucose levels between meals?

Accepted Answer

Postabsorptive state

Nutrition and Metabolism: ANP College Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions