Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the conversion of kilocalories to kilojoules?

$$1 \text{ kcal} = 4.2 \text{ kJ}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary metabolic function of the liver?

Accepted Answer

It processes blood from the gastrointestinal tract, regulates blood glucose, and metabolizes carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Question 2

During glycolysis, which occurs in the cytoplasm, what is the net gain of ATP molecules per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$

Question 3

Which of the following is a consequence of vitamin C deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Scurvy

Question 4

A patient presents with tissue wasting, fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and an overall lack of calories and protein. Which condition is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Marasmus

Question 5

Which process describes the conversion of amino acids into glucose during periods of fasting?

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 6

Which hormone is primarily responsible for lowering blood glucose levels after a meal?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of cholesterol in the body?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy for muscle contraction

Question 8

Which of the following best describes basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

Accepted Answer

The rate of metabolism when a person is lying down, awake, not digesting food, and in a comfortably warm environment

Question 9

A person with a diet lacking in essential amino acids will most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis will be impaired, affecting tissue repair and growth

Question 10

Which of the following mechanisms is NOT a way the body loses heat?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 11

Which metabolic disorder is characterized by alternating periods of overeating and self-induced vomiting?

Accepted Answer

Bulimia

Question 12

Which vitamin is necessary for calcium absorption and bone health, and can be synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Question 13

Which mineral is essential for nerve conduction and muscle function, and its deficiency can cause muscle weakness and heart problems?

Accepted Answer

Potassium

Question 14

A patient exposed to cold temperatures develops local tissue damage with risk of necrosis. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Frostbite

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why low-carbohydrate diets can lead to weight loss?

Accepted Answer

They force the body to rely on fat metabolism for energy, reducing fat stores.

Question 16

Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin that acts as a coenzyme in energy metabolism and whose deficiency can cause beriberi?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B$$_1 ($$thiamine)

Question 17

Which of the following factors would most likely increase a person's basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

Accepted Answer

Increased thyroid hormone levels

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the fate of excess dietary fat in the body?

Accepted Answer

It is anabolized to form adipose tissue.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life example of a condition caused by an inborn error of metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Question 20

Which of the following equations correctly represents the conversion of kilocalories to kilojoules?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	ext{ kcal} = 4.2 	ext{ kJ}$$

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