Question 1

Which property of water allows it to help regulate body temperature during exercise?

Accepted Answer

High heat capacity

Question 2

A patient presents with muscle weakness and abnormal heart rhythm. Blood tests reveal a potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L. Which condition does this patient most likely have?

Accepted Answer

Hypokalemia

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why water is called the 'universal solvent'?

Accepted Answer

Water is a polar molecule and can dissolve many ionic and polar substances.

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents a neutralization reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HCl} + \mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCl} + \mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 5

Which of the following body fluids has the most acidic pH?

Accepted Answer

Gastric juice

Question 6

A solution has a pH of 5. How does its hydrogen ion concentration compare to a solution with pH 7?

Accepted Answer

It is 100 times higher

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of sodium ions ($$\mathrm{Na^+}) in $$the human body?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of extracellular fluid volume and pH balance

Question 8

Which process breaks down polymers into monomers by adding water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function supported by water in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Provides structural support for bones

Question 10

Which of the following statements about strong acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Strong acids release all available hydrogen ions when dissolved in water.

Question 11

Which of the following organic molecules is primarily responsible for storing genetic information?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 12

A patient with metabolic acidosis is likely to have which of the following laboratory findings?

Accepted Answer

Low bicarbonate ($$\mathrm{$$HCO_3$$^-}) $$level

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the structure of a phospholipid?

Accepted Answer

Two fatty acid chains and a phosphate-containing polar head

Question 14

Which property of water is most important for its role as a lubricant in joints?

Accepted Answer

Cushioning

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct statement about the pH scale?

Accepted Answer

A change of 1 pH unit represents a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration.

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of proteins in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing chemical reactions as enzymes

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct match between an organic molecule and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acid – Nucleotide

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why maintaining proper pH in blood is critical for health?

Accepted Answer

Enzyme activity and protein structure are highly sensitive to pH changes.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of calcium ions ($$\mathrm{Ca$$^{2+}$$}) in $$the body?

Accepted Answer

Formation of bone and teeth

Question 20

Which of the following statements about dehydration synthesis is correct?

Accepted Answer

It joins monomers to form polymers by removing water.

Organic and Inorganic Molecules: Chemical Composition and Biological Importance

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