Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 2

A patient presents with a fracture in the patella. Based on bone classification by shape, which type of bone is the patella?

Accepted Answer

Sesamoid bone

Question 3

Which bone marking is most likely to be found where a tendon attaches to a bone?

Accepted Answer

Projection

Question 4

Which of the following bones is classified as a flat bone?

Accepted Answer

Sternum

Question 5

A forensic anthropologist finds small, irregular bones between the flat bones of the skull. What are these bones called?

Accepted Answer

Sutural bones

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the structure of a long bone?

Accepted Answer

It consists of a diaphysis, epiphyses, and metaphyses.

Question 7

Which type of bone cell is responsible for bone resorption and the release of stored minerals?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 8

During bone remodeling, what would happen if osteoclast activity exceeded osteoblast activity over time?

Accepted Answer

Bones would become weaker and more prone to fractures.

Question 9

Which equation correctly represents the formation of hydroxyapatite in bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_3$$($$PO_4)_2 + Ca(OH)_2$$ \rightarrow $$Ca_5$$($$PO_4)_3(OH$$)$$

Question 10

A child suffers a greenstick fracture. What is unique about this type of fracture compared to others?

Accepted Answer

It is an incomplete fracture, common in children due to flexible bones.

Question 11

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclasts and decreasing calcium excretion at the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 12

Which process describes the replacement of hyaline cartilage with bone during development?

Accepted Answer

Endochondral ossification

Question 13

Which vitamin is required for collagen synthesis and stimulation of osteoblast differentiation?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 14

A patient with severe osteoporosis is found to have cancerous tissue releasing a factor that stimulates osteoclasts. What is the likely effect?

Accepted Answer

Severe bone loss due to increased osteoclast activity

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why weight-bearing exercise is recommended for bone health?

Accepted Answer

It stimulates osteoblasts to build bone, increasing bone density.

Question 16

Which structure in a long bone is responsible for blood cell production?

Accepted Answer

Red marrow in the spongy bone

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

It covers all bones except parts enclosed in joint capsules.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the steps in fracture repair?

Accepted Answer

Bleeding, clot formation, callus formation, bone remodeling

Question 19

Which of the following statements about bone matrix composition is correct?

Accepted Answer

Two-thirds of bone matrix is calcium phosphate, and one-third is collagen fibers.

Question 20

A patient has a deficiency in vitamin D. Which process will be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of calcium and phosphorus from the digestive tract

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure: Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions