Question 1

Which of the following best describes a permissive effect in hormone interactions?

Accepted Answer

One hormone must be present for another hormone to exert its full effect.

Question 2

A patient is given tamoxifen, an estrogen blocker, to treat breast cancer. What type of hormone interaction does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Competitive inhibition

Question 3

Which of the following hormones is derived from tryptophan?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Question 4

Which class of hormones is MOST likely to bind to receptors on the outer surface of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Peptide/protein hormones

Question 5

A patient with low thyroid hormone levels also shows poor growth despite normal growth hormone levels. This is best explained by:

Accepted Answer

Permissive effect of thyroid hormone on growth hormone

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of an antagonistic hormone interaction?

Accepted Answer

Insulin and glucagon regulating blood glucose

Question 7

Which hormone is classified as a steroid and is synthesized from cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Question 8

In the endocrine reflex pathway, what is the correct sequence of events?

Accepted Answer

Stimulus → Receptor (endocrine gland) → Hormone release → Target organ → Response

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct example of negative feedback in the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

ADH secretion decreases when blood osmolarity returns to normal

Question 10

A patient with diabetes insipidus has a defect in the hormone responsible for water reabsorption in the kidneys. Which hormone is affected?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 11

Which of the following equations best represents the homeostatic regulation of a variable by negative feedback?

Accepted Answer

$\Delta V = V_{set} - V_{actual}$

Question 12

Which hormone is derived from tyrosine and is involved in the 'fight or flight' response?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Question 13

A patient is experiencing high blood glucose levels. Which combination of hormones would work together to decrease blood glucose?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a peptide/protein hormone?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Question 15

Which hormone interaction is best described by two hormones producing similar effects and amplifying each other's actions?

Accepted Answer

Synergistic effect

Question 16

A patient is given a drug that blocks estrogen receptors. What is the most likely physiological outcome?

Accepted Answer

Reduced estrogen signaling in target tissues

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of positive feedback in the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin release during childbirth

Question 18

Which hormone is produced by the pineal gland and regulates sleep-wake cycles?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct multi-step pathway for the endocrine reflex control of blood glucose?

Accepted Answer

High blood glucose → Pancreatic beta cells (receptor) → Insulin release → Muscle and fat cells (target) → Glucose uptake → Blood glucose returns to normal

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why steroid hormones can pass through cell membranes while peptide hormones cannot?

Accepted Answer

Steroid hormones are lipid-soluble, while peptide hormones are water-soluble.

Overview of Hormones and Endocrine System Pathways

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards