Question 1

Which connective tissue layer directly surrounds individual axons and their myelin sheaths in a peripheral nerve?

Accepted Answer

Endoneurium

Question 2

A patient suffers a peripheral nerve injury. Which of the following best explains why regeneration is possible in the PNS but not in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes in the CNS release growth-inhibiting proteins

Question 3

Which of the following is TRUE regarding mixed nerves?

Accepted Answer

They contain both afferent and efferent fibers

Question 4

During the stretch reflex, which type of muscle fibers are responsible for regulating the contraction of the muscle?

Accepted Answer

Extrafusal muscle fibers

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of the perineurium?

Accepted Answer

It bundles nerve fibers into fascicles

Question 6

A patient presents with a positive Babinski's sign. Which spinal cord tract is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Corticospinal tract

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the components of a reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

Receptor → Sensory neuron → Integration center → Motor neuron → Effector

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the knee-jerk reflex is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

It is a monosynaptic and ipsilateral reflex

Question 9

Which cranial nerve controls the lateral rectus muscle of the eye?

Accepted Answer

VI (abducens)

Question 10

Which structure is responsible for producing tears and draining them into the nasal cavity?

Accepted Answer

Lacrimal apparatus

Question 11

A patient is unable to move their eye laterally. Which muscle and cranial nerve are most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Lateral rectus and VI (abducens)

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of the eyebrows?

Accepted Answer

They shade the eye from sunlight and prevent perspiration from reaching the eye

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE about the regeneration of PNS axons?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cells form a regeneration tube to guide axon regrowth

Question 14

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the number of extrafusal muscle fibers ($$N_e) $$and intrafusal muscle fibers ($$N_i) in a $$typical muscle spindle?

Accepted Answer

$$N_e \gg N_i$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of the bulbar conjunctiva?

Accepted Answer

It covers the white of the eye (sclera)

Question 16

A patient steps barefoot on a sharp object and immediately withdraws the affected foot while extending the opposite leg to maintain balance. Which reflexes are involved?

Accepted Answer

Flexor (withdrawal) reflex and crossed extensor reflex

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the action of the superior oblique muscle of the eye?

Accepted Answer

Depresses eye and turns it laterally

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the plantar reflex?

Accepted Answer

Damage to the corticospinal tract causes Babinski's sign

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the abdominal reflex is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Absence of the reflex indicates a lesion in the corticospinal tract

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT considered a special sense?

Accepted Answer

Touch

Peripheral Nerves, Reflexes, and the Eye: Structure and Function

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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