Question 1

Which nerve is primarily responsible for motor and sensory innervation of the diaphragm, and what clinical symptom may result from its irritation?

Accepted Answer

Phrenic nerve; hiccups

Question 2

A patient presents with inability to extend their wrist and fingers, and loss of sensation on the posterior aspect of their forearm. Which nerve is most likely injured?

Accepted Answer

Radial nerve

Question 3

The lumbar plexus arises from which spinal nerve roots?

Accepted Answer

L\_1–L\_4

Question 4

Which nerve passes through the obturator foramen and is responsible for innervating the adductor muscles of the thigh?

Accepted Answer

Obturator nerve

Question 5

A patient has lost sensation in the skin of the medial aspect of their hand and has difficulty with wrist and finger flexion. Which nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Ulnar nerve

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a dermatome?

Accepted Answer

An area of skin innervated by cutaneous branches of a single spinal nerve

Question 7

If the ventral rami of T\_2–T\_12 are damaged, which of the following functions would most likely be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Movement of the ribs and abdominal wall

Question 8

Which nerve is the longest and thickest in the human body, and what major muscle group does it innervate?

Accepted Answer

Sciatic nerve; hamstrings

Question 9

A patient suffers a stab wound to the neck and loses sensation over the shoulder and difficulty abducting the arm. Which nerve is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Axillary nerve

Question 10

Which plexus is responsible for innervating the muscles and skin of the upper limb?

Accepted Answer

Brachial plexus

Question 11

A patient presents with difficulty flexing the thigh and numbness over the anterior thigh and medial leg. Which nerve is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Femoral nerve

Question 12

Which of the following statements about spinal roots is correct?

Accepted Answer

Lumbar and sacral roots extend as the cauda equina

Question 13

Which equation best represents the relationship between the number of spinal nerves ($$N) $$and the number of dermatomes ($$D$$), given that all spinal nerves except C\_1 participate in dermatomes?

Accepted Answer

$$D = N - 1$$

Question 14

A patient has lost sensation in the skin over the anterior thigh and medial surface of the leg. Which nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Femoral nerve

Question 15

Which of the following nerves is NOT a branch of the brachial plexus?

Accepted Answer

Femoral nerve

Question 16

If a patient has difficulty with thumb opposition and wrist/finger flexion, which nerve is most likely compromised?

Accepted Answer

Median nerve

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of rami communicantes?

Accepted Answer

They join autonomic pathways to the ventral rami

Question 18

A patient presents with loss of sensation in a specific area of skin. Which term best describes this area?

Accepted Answer

Dermatome

Question 19

Which plexus serves the buttock, lower limb, pelvic structures, and perineum?

Accepted Answer

Sacral plexus

Question 20

A patient is unable to adduct their thigh. Which nerve is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Obturator nerve

Peripheral Nerves: Spinal Nerves, Plexuses, and Dermatomes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards