Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

Accepted Answer

To connect the central nervous system (CNS) to limbs and organs, serving as a communication relay

Question 2

The two major divisions of the PNS are:

Accepted Answer

Somatic and autonomic nervous systems

Question 3

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the 'fight-or-flight' response?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division

Question 4

A patient presents with loss of sensation in the skin over the lateral thigh. Which concept helps you localize the affected spinal nerve?

Accepted Answer

Dermatome

Question 5

Which of the following cranial nerves is primarily responsible for vision?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve (II)

Question 6

Which layer of connective tissue surrounds individual axons within a nerve?

Accepted Answer

Endoneurium

Question 7

The phrenic nerve, which controls the diaphragm, arises from which plexus?

Accepted Answer

Cervical plexus

Question 8

Which root of a spinal nerve contains motor neurons?

Accepted Answer

Ventral root

Question 9

A mixed nerve contains:

Accepted Answer

Both sensory and motor fibers

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a reflex?

Accepted Answer

An involuntary, rapid response to a stimulus

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct order of the components in a typical reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

Receptor → Sensory neuron → Integration center → Motor neuron → Effector

Question 12

Which type of sensory receptor detects changes in blood pH?

Accepted Answer

Interoreceptor

Question 13

A patient is unable to flex their hip. Which nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Femoral nerve

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a plexus?

Accepted Answer

A network of interconnecting nerves

Question 15

Which sensory receptor is responsible for detecting touch and pressure on the skin?

Accepted Answer

Mechanoreceptor

Question 16

If a patient has damage to the sciatic nerve, which plexus is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Sacral plexus

Question 17

Which equation best represents the relationship between stimulus intensity ($$I) $$and receptor potential ($$V) in a $$sensory neuron, assuming a linear response?

Accepted Answer

$$V = kI$$

Question 18

A patient cannot taste food but can still move their tongue. Which cranial nerve is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Facial nerve (VII)

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the autonomic (visceral motor) division of the PNS?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of heart rate and digestion

Question 20

Which type of receptor would be activated by a change in external temperature?

Accepted Answer

Thermoreceptor

Peripheral Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Clinical Significance

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