Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

Accepted Answer

It connects the central nervous system to limbs and organs, serving as a communication relay.

Question 2

A patient loses the ability to feel pain in their left arm after a nerve injury. Which aspect of sensory integration is most affected?

Accepted Answer

Reception

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a general sensory receptor classified by stimulus detected?

Accepted Answer

Photoreceptor

Question 4

A mechanoreceptor in the skin responds to pressure. Which type of sensory receptor is this?

Accepted Answer

Mechanoreceptor

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a 'ganglion' in the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A cluster of neuron cell bodies located outside the central nervous system.

Question 6

Which connective tissue covering surrounds individual axons within a nerve?

Accepted Answer

Endoneurium

Question 7

If a nerve is damaged and only the perineurium is affected, which part of the nerve is most likely compromised?

Accepted Answer

Fascicles containing groups of axons

Question 8

Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for facial sensation?

Accepted Answer

Trigeminal nerve (V)

Question 9

A patient presents with loss of taste and difficulty swallowing. Which major cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of heart rate and digestion

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a 'reflex arc'?

Accepted Answer

A direct route from a sensory receptor to an effector without conscious brain involvement.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT one of the five essential components of a reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

Cerebral cortex

Question 13

A patient is unable to withdraw their hand from a hot surface quickly. Which component of the reflex arc is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Motor neuron

Question 14

Which equation best represents the conduction velocity ($$v) of a $$nerve fiber, given the fiber diameter ($$d) $$and myelination status ($$m$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$v = d 	imes m$$

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why myelinated axons conduct impulses faster than unmyelinated axons?

Accepted Answer

Myelination allows for saltatory conduction, where action potentials jump between nodes of Ranvier.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of a somatic reflex?

Accepted Answer

Withdrawal of a hand from a hot object

Question 17

A patient has damage to the dorsal root of a spinal nerve. Which function is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Sensory input from the body

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between a 'nerve' and a 'tract'?

Accepted Answer

A nerve is a bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system, while a tract is a bundle of axons in the central nervous system.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct order of events in a typical reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

Sensory receptor → Sensory neuron → Integration center → Motor neuron → Effector

Peripheral Nervous System: Study Guide and Key Concepts

Study Guide - Practice Questions