Question 1

Which type of epithelium lines the oropharynx, and why is this type particularly suited for its function?

Accepted Answer

Stratified squamous epithelium, because it protects against abrasion from food.

Question 2

A patient has difficulty swallowing and is found to have damage to the epiglottis. Which tissue type is primarily affected, and what is the main function of the epiglottis during swallowing?

Accepted Answer

Elastic cartilage; it covers the glottis to prevent food from entering the trachea.

Question 3

Which sections of the pharynx are involved in the passage of both air and food?

Accepted Answer

Oropharynx and laryngopharynx

Question 4

The true vocal cords are attached anteriorly to the thyroid cartilage and posteriorly to which cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Arytenoid cartilage

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of the false vocal cords (vestibular folds)?

Accepted Answer

They protect the true vocal cords and help close the glottis during swallowing.

Question 6

During phonation, which process is responsible for sound production in the larynx?

Accepted Answer

Air is forced through the vibrating true vocal cords.

Question 7

A food particle accidentally enters the larynx. Which structure failed to function properly, and what is its normal action during swallowing?

Accepted Answer

Epiglottis; it folds down to cover the glottis and prevent aspiration.

Question 8

Which of the following is a single cartilage of the larynx?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid cartilage

Question 9

A patient presents with hoarseness and difficulty producing sound. Which structure is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

True vocal cords (vocal folds)

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why the nasopharynx is not involved in food passage?

Accepted Answer

It is lined with ciliated epithelium that only allows air to pass.

Question 11

Which tonsils are located in the oropharynx and are commonly removed during a tonsillectomy?

Accepted Answer

Palatine tonsils

Question 12

If the laryngopharynx is damaged, which of the following functions would be most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Passage of both air and food to their respective destinations

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the tissue composition of the true vocal cords?

Accepted Answer

Stratified squamous epithelium with underlying elastic fibers

Question 14

A person inhales sharply and then tries to swallow at the same time. Which anatomical feature prevents food from entering the trachea, and what is the risk if it fails?

Accepted Answer

Epiglottis; risk of aspiration and choking

Question 15

Which of the following is a paired cartilage of the larynx?

Accepted Answer

Arytenoid cartilage

Question 16

During a clinical examination, a physician observes that a patient’s vocal cords do not close completely. Which function is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Production of clear, strong vocal sounds

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process by which the epiglottis opens and closes?

Accepted Answer

It passively folds down to cover the glottis during swallowing and returns upright after swallowing.

Question 18

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between airflow ($$Q$$), pressure difference ($$\Delta P$$), and airway resistance ($$R) in $$the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

$$Q = \frac{\Delta P}{R}$$

Question 19

A patient with laryngeal cancer has had their true vocal cords removed. Which of the following consequences is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Loss of ability to produce vocal sounds

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why stratified squamous epithelium is found in both the oropharynx and laryngopharynx?

Accepted Answer

It provides protection against mechanical abrasion from food and drink.

Pharynx and Larynx: Structure and Function in the Respiratory System

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards