Question 1

Which of the following is a major advantage of pulmonary drug delivery for local effect?

Accepted Answer

It avoids hepatic first-pass metabolism.

Question 2

Which factor most directly affects the settling velocity of an inhaled particle in the lung?

Accepted Answer

The aerodynamic diameter and density of the particle.

Question 3

A patient is prescribed a dry powder inhaler (DPI). Which patient factor is most critical for effective drug delivery?

Accepted Answer

High inspiratory flow rate.

Question 4

Which equation best describes the settling velocity ($$v_s) of a $$spherical particle in a viscous fluid according to Stokes' Law?

Accepted Answer

$$v_s = \frac{2r^2$(\rho_p - \rho_f)g}{9\eta}$$

Question 5

Why are very small particles (\u003c1 micron) not always ideal for pulmonary drug delivery?

Accepted Answer

They tend to remain suspended in air and are exhaled rather than deposited in the lung.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a component of a metered dose inhaler (MDI)?

Accepted Answer

External air compressor

Question 7

A patient using a nebulizer is exposed to higher drug concentrations over time. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The drug solution evaporates and heats up in older nebulizers.

Question 8

Which delivery system requires the use of a propellant for drug administration?

Accepted Answer

Metered dose inhaler (MDI)

Question 9

What is the main function of surfactants in MDI formulations?

Accepted Answer

To keep the drug suspended and lubricate the valve mechanism.

Question 10

Which of the following is a disadvantage of nebulizers compared to MDIs and DPIs?

Accepted Answer

They are inefficient, delivering as little as 10% of the dose.

Question 11

Which patient factor does NOT affect the deposition of droplets within the respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

Amount of food consumed

Question 12

Which of the following statements about DPIs is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They require a high inspiratory flow rate from the patient.

Question 13

What is the primary reason for using spacers with MDIs?

Accepted Answer

To decrease particle size for improved lung delivery.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the mean aerodynamic diameter (MAD)?

Accepted Answer

The diameter of a sphere with the same density and settling velocity as the particle.

Question 15

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using MDIs?

Accepted Answer

They require good coordination of actuation and inhalation.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about the effect of humidity on pulmonary drug delivery?

Accepted Answer

Humidity increases the MAD of hydrophilic particles.

Question 17

Which device is most suitable for a pediatric patient with low inspiratory flow?

Accepted Answer

Nebulizer

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of respiratory drug delivery for local effect?

Accepted Answer

It avoids GI upset.

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic of the Ellipta DPI device?

Accepted Answer

It contains two reels of strips, each with a different drug.

Question 20

Which of the following is a reason why pharmaceutical aerosols require special consideration compared to other dosage forms?

Accepted Answer

Their efficacy depends on the function of the container, valve assembly, and propellant.

Pulmonary Drug Delivery: Mechanisms, Devices, and Factors Affecting Deposition

Study Guide - Practice Questions