Q: Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between action potential frequency ($f$) and stimulus intensity ($I$) in a sensory neuron?

$f = k \times I$,\ \text{where}\ k\ \text{is a proportionality constant}$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between sensation and perception?

Accepted Answer

Sensation is the process of converting a stimulus to an electrical signal, while perception is the conscious awareness and interpretation of that stimulus.

Question 2

A patient is unable to distinguish between a light touch and a firm pressure on their skin. Which mechanoreceptor is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Meissner (tactile) corpuscles

Question 3

During sensory transduction, which event occurs first after a stimulus is detected by a receptor?

Accepted Answer

Receptor potentials are produced due to the influx of $\mathrm{Na^+}$ ions.

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why pain and temperature sensations are conducted more slowly than proprioceptive information?

Accepted Answer

Pain and temperature neurons have smaller axon diameters and less myelination.

Question 5

A person is able to feel the position of their limbs even with their eyes closed. Which type of receptor is primarily responsible for this ability?

Accepted Answer

Proprioceptors

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of rapid adaptation in sensory receptors?

Accepted Answer

Pacinian (lamellated) corpuscles responding to vibration

Question 7

A patient reports numbness in a specific region of their skin. Which anatomical concept would a clinician use to map the affected sensory pathway?

Accepted Answer

Dermatomes

Question 8

Which process is NOT one of the four required for sensation?

Accepted Answer

Translation

Question 9

If a stimulus remains constant but the frequency of action potentials decreases over time, which phenomenon is occurring?

Accepted Answer

Adaptation

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of nociceptors?

Accepted Answer

They provide information about tissue damage and pain.

Question 11

A person is able to distinguish two closely spaced points on their fingertip but not on their back. This is due to:

Accepted Answer

Higher density of small-field receptors in the fingertip

Question 12

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between action potential frequency ($f$) and stimulus intensity ($I$) in a sensory neuron?

Accepted Answer

$f = k 	imes I$,\ 	ext{where}\ k\ 	ext{is a proportionality constant}$

Question 13

Which mechanoreceptor is most likely responsible for detecting the stretching of skin during joint movement?

Accepted Answer

Ruffini endings (corpuscles)

Question 14

A patient with damage to their proprioceptors would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Impaired sense of limb position and movement

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why adaptation is important in sensory systems?

Accepted Answer

It allows the nervous system to ignore constant, unchanging stimuli and focus on new or changing information.

Question 16

Which type of sensory receptor would be most active when you step on a sharp object?

Accepted Answer

Nociceptors

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding the conduction speed of sensory neurons?

Accepted Answer

Neurons with larger axon diameters and more myelination conduct signals more quickly.

Question 18

A person is unable to feel vibration on their skin. Which receptor is most likely not functioning properly?

Accepted Answer

Pacinian (lamellated) corpuscles

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of sensory transduction?

Accepted Answer

The conversion of a stimulus into an electrical signal

Question 20

A patient presents with referred pain in their left arm during a heart attack. Which concept best explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Dermatomes

Sensation, Perception, and Sensory Receptors: Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology II

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