Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the breakdown of ATP during muscle contraction?

$\mathrm{ATP} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{Pi} + \text{energy}$

Question 1

Which of the following properties is unique to muscle tissue and allows it to return to its original length after being stretched?

Accepted Answer

Elasticity

Question 2

A patient presents with muscle weakness and enlarged muscles due to fat and connective tissue replacement. Genetic testing reveals a mutation in the gene encoding dystrophin. Which disorder is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Question 3

Which connective tissue sheath directly surrounds individual muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Endomysium

Question 4

During the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction, which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

Thin filaments slide toward the center of the sarcomere, causing the sarcomere to shorten.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the role of calcium ions ($\mathrm{Ca^{2+}}$) in skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Calcium ions bind to troponin, causing a conformational change that moves tropomyosin and exposes binding sites on actin.

Question 6

Which muscle tissue type is striated and under voluntary control?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 7

A 75-year-old male has lost significant muscle mass and strength over the past decade. Which term best describes this age-related muscle wasting?

Accepted Answer

Sarcopenia

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct sequence of connective tissue sheaths from outermost to innermost in a skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Epimysium, Perimysium, Endomysium

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why rigor mortis occurs after death?

Accepted Answer

ATP is no longer produced, preventing myosin heads from detaching from actin.

Question 10

Which structure in skeletal muscle fibers stores and releases calcium ions necessary for contraction?

Accepted Answer

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 11

A muscle contraction that produces heat to maintain body temperature is an example of which muscle tissue function?

Accepted Answer

Thermogenesis

Question 12

Which of the following prefixes is commonly used in anatomical terms to refer to muscle?

Accepted Answer

Myo-

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the neuromuscular junction is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is the site where a motor neuron releases neurotransmitters to stimulate a muscle fiber.

Question 14

Which of the following is true regarding the arrangement of thick and thin filaments in a sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

Thin filaments extend from the Z disc toward the center of the sarcomere.

Question 15

Which of the following equations correctly represents the breakdown of ATP during muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{ATP} ightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{Pi} + 	ext{energy}$

Question 16

Which of the following muscle types is found in the walls of hollow organs and is not striated?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle

Question 17

A muscle is attached to two bones. When the muscle contracts, one bone moves while the other remains stationary. What is the term for the attachment to the stationary bone?

Accepted Answer

Origin

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of titin in the sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

It anchors thick filaments and provides elasticity to resist overstretching.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life consequence of decreased muscle tone in the quadriceps, as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of patellar dislocation due to shallow patellar surface on the femur.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about muscle tissue regeneration is correct?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle regeneration is limited and decreases with age.

Skeletal Muscle Tissue: Structure, Function, and Properties

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