Question 1

Which of the following bones is NOT part of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Femur

Question 2

Which type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs and menisci of the knee?

Accepted Answer

Fibrocartilage

Question 3

A patient presents with excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar spine. What is the clinical term for this condition?

Accepted Answer

Lordosis

Question 4

Which bone marking is described as a 'round or oval opening through a bone'?

Accepted Answer

Foramen

Question 5

The sternum is classified as which type of bone?

Accepted Answer

Flat bone

Question 6

Which structure is responsible for joining the ribs to the sternum?

Accepted Answer

Costal cartilage

Question 7

Which equation best represents the relationship between the number of true ribs ($n_{true}$), false ribs ($n_{false}$), and floating ribs ($n_{floating}$) in the human thoracic cage?

Accepted Answer

$n_{true} + n_{false} + n_{floating} = 12$

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of the intervertebral discs?

Accepted Answer

Absorb shock and allow flexibility in the spine

Question 9

A long bone consists of which of the following regions?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis and epiphysis

Question 10

Which bone marking is best described as a 'sharp, slender, often pointed projection'?

Accepted Answer

Spine

Question 11

If a patient has a fracture in the 'body' of a thoracic vertebra, which part is affected?

Accepted Answer

The thick, weight-bearing anterior portion

Question 12

Which of the following is true regarding the articulation between a rib and a thoracic vertebra?

Accepted Answer

The head of the rib articulates with the costal facet of the vertebral body

Question 13

Which equation correctly describes the total number of bones in the adult human axial skeleton ($N_{axial}$), given the following: skull ($n_{skull} = 22$), vertebral column ($n_{vertebrae} = 26$), ribs ($n_{ribs} = 24$), and sternum ($n_{sternum} = 1$)?

Accepted Answer

$N_{axial} = n_{skull} + n_{vertebrae} + n_{ribs} + n_{sternum}$

Question 14

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of cervical vertebrae compared to thoracic and lumbar vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

Presence of transverse foramina

Question 15

A patient with a herniated disc is most likely experiencing a problem with which part of the intervertebral disc?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus pulposus

Question 16

Which of the following bones is part of the appendicular skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Scapula

Question 17

Which type of cartilage is found at the joint surfaces of bones, such as in the ribcage and external nose?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of the sacrum in the vertebral column?

Accepted Answer

It transmits the weight of the body to the pelvic girdle

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between the pectoral girdle and the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

The clavicle articulates with the sternum at the manubrium

Skeletal System: Bones and Cartilages (Lab 4 Study Notes)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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