Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

A patient presents with a bone that is cube-shaped and nearly equal in length, width, and thickness. Which type of bone is this?

Accepted Answer

Short bone

Question 3

Which part of a long bone contains the growth plate responsible for lengthening during childhood and adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate/line

Question 4

Which structure in a long bone is responsible for producing red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Red bone marrow

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the microscopic anatomy of spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Trabeculae with spaces filled by bone marrow

Question 6

In compact bone, what is the function of the central canal?

Accepted Answer

It houses blood vessels and nerves

Question 7

Which cell type is primarily responsible for bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 8

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases blood calcium levels by stimulating which process?

Accepted Answer

Bone resorption by osteoclasts

Question 9

A closed (simple) fracture differs from an open (compound) fracture in which way?

Accepted Answer

A closed fracture does not break the skin, while an open fracture does

Question 10

Which of the following lists the correct sequence of events in fracture repair?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, bone remodeling

Question 11

If a patient has excessive osteoclast activity, which condition are they most at risk for developing?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Question 12

Which equation best represents the relationship between bone mass and the activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts?

Accepted Answer

$\Delta M = B - C$

Question 13

A 12-year-old patient is experiencing stunted growth due to premature closure of the epiphyseal plate. Which part of the long bone is directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate/line

Question 14

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of compact bone compared to spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Presence of osteons (Haversian systems)

Question 15

Which hormone is most responsible for stimulating osteoblasts to build new bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Calcitonin

Question 16

A patient with low blood calcium is given a medication that increases osteoclast activity. What is the expected effect on blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Blood calcium levels will increase

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of osteocytes?

Accepted Answer

Maintain bone matrix and communicate mechanical stress

Question 18

During bone repair, which event occurs first?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation

Question 19

Which of the following bones is classified as an irregular bone?

Accepted Answer

Vertebra

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct description of the endosteum?

Accepted Answer

A membrane lining the medullary cavity of long bones

Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Bone Physiology Study Guide

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