Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a main function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

Which classification of bone does the femur belong to, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Long bone; acts as a lever for movement

Question 3

Where is spongy bone primarily found in a long bone?

Accepted Answer

In the epiphyses

Question 4

What is the distinguishing feature of spongy bone compared to compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Spongy bone has trabeculae and many open spaces

Question 5

Which cell type is responsible for bone resorption and removal of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 6

What is the basic unit of compact bone called?

Accepted Answer

Osteon (Haversian system)

Question 7

The periosteum is best described as:

Accepted Answer

The outer fibrous membrane covering the bone

Question 8

How does bone grow in thickness during development?

Accepted Answer

By appositional growth at the periosteum

Question 9

Which type of bone formation results from the replacement of a cartilage model?

Accepted Answer

Endochondral ossification

Question 10

Which hormone is secreted in response to low blood calcium levels, and what is its primary effect?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH); stimulates bone resorption

Question 11

A child with hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH) is likely to develop which condition?

Accepted Answer

Gigantism

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a displaced fracture?

Accepted Answer

Bone ends are out of alignment

Question 13

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between bone density ($$D$$), bone mass ($$M$$), and bone volume ($$V$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$D = M \div V$$

Question 14

A patient presents with brittle bones due to decreased mineralization. Which condition is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Osteomalacia

Question 15

Which process is responsible for the formation of flat bones such as those in the skull?

Accepted Answer

Intramembranous ossification

Question 16

Which of the following is a primary site of action for parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the body?

Accepted Answer

Kidneys

Question 17

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for which type of fracture?

Accepted Answer

Compression fracture

Question 18

Which of the following best describes Paget's disease?

Accepted Answer

A condition characterized by excessive bone resorption and formation, leading to abnormal bone architecture

Question 19

Which structure in bone contains blood vessels and nerves and runs longitudinally through the osteon?

Accepted Answer

Haversian (central) canal

Question 20

If a bone increases in length, which region is primarily responsible for this growth?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate

Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Bone Physiology Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions