Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structure and function of the cutaneous membrane?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and dense connective tissue, serving as a protective boundary (the skin).

Question 2

A patient receives an intramuscular injection in the deltoid region. Which skin layers does the needle pass through, in order, before reaching the muscle?

Accepted Answer

Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

Question 3

Which of the following is a function of the integumentary system that is accomplished by the production of melanin?

Accepted Answer

Protection from ultraviolet (UV) radiation

Question 4

A person steps on a tack that penetrates through the sole of the foot. Which is the correct order of epidermal layers the tack passes through (from superficial to deep) in thick skin?

Accepted Answer

Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

Question 5

Which membrane type lines body cavities that open to the exterior and is adapted for absorption or secretion?

Accepted Answer

Mucous membrane

Question 6

A patient presents with jaundice (yellow skin). Which underlying condition is most likely responsible for this skin color change?

Accepted Answer

Liver disorder

Question 7

Which of the following best explains how the skin helps regulate body temperature during exercise?

Accepted Answer

By activating sweat glands and dilating skin capillaries to promote heat loss

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE regarding synovial membranes?

Accepted Answer

They line the cavities of freely movable joints and secrete lubricating fluid.

Question 9

Which structure in the skin is responsible for producing the pigment that protects against UV radiation?

Accepted Answer

Melanocytes

Question 10

A patient with a severe burn loses the ability to synthesize vitamin D. Which process is directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of modified cholesterol molecules in the skin to vitamin D in the presence of sunlight

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of the papillary layer of the dermis?

Accepted Answer

Contains projections (dermal papillae) that increase friction and house capillary loops and sensory receptors

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a serous membrane and its location?

Accepted Answer

Pleurae – surround the lungs

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of sebaceous glands?

Accepted Answer

Secrete oil (sebum) to keep skin and hair soft and prevent brittleness

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the hypodermis is correct?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a shock absorber and insulates deeper tissues.

Question 15

A patient presents with a blue cast to the skin (cyanosis). Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Low oxygenation of hemoglobin

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of Langerhans (dendritic) cells in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

Monitor for infection and present antigens to immune cells

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of the stratum corneum?

Accepted Answer

It consists of dead, keratinized cells that provide a tough, water-resistant barrier.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the difference between eccrine and apocrine sweat glands?

Accepted Answer

Eccrine glands secrete watery sweat directly onto the skin surface, while apocrine glands secrete into hair follicles and produce a thicker secretion.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why the skin is considered an organ?

Accepted Answer

It consists of multiple tissue types working together to perform specific functions.

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma. In which layer of the epidermis did this cancer most likely originate?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Skin and Body Membranes: Structure, Types, and Functions

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