$$\text{AHI} = \frac{\text{Number of apneas + hypopneas}}{\text{Total hours of sleep}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes sleep disordered breathing (SDB)?

Accepted Answer

A group of disorders characterized by abnormal respiratory patterns or insufficient ventilation during sleep.

Question 2

An apnea is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A period when a patient stops breathing for 10 seconds or more and wakes up just enough to take a breath.

Question 3

Which measurement is used to classify the severity of sleep apnea in a sleep study?

Accepted Answer

Apnea/Hypopnea Index (AHI)

Question 4

A patient with an AHI of 22 would be classified as having which severity of sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

Moderate

Question 5

Which of the following is a primary mechanism by which CPAP therapy treats obstructive sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

It creates a pneumatic splint for the upper airway, preventing collapse of soft tissues.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a typical indication for a custom mandibular repositioning device (MRD)?

Accepted Answer

Patients with severe OSA (AHI \u003e 30) as first-line therapy

Question 7

A home sleep study is most appropriate for which of the following scenarios?

Accepted Answer

A patient who needs added comfort and convenience in their own home.

Question 8

Which surgical procedure is most commonly performed for obstructive sleep apnea in the U.S.?

Accepted Answer

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a hypopnea event?

Accepted Answer

A period of shallow breathing with at least a 30% decrease in airflow for 10 seconds or more, with oxygen desaturation or arousal.

Question 10

Which of the following is a potential risk of surgical treatment for sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

Associated surgical risks and a somewhat low rate of success for UPPP.

Question 11

Which of the following formulas correctly represents the calculation of the Apnea/Hypopnea Index (AHI)?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{AHI} = \frac{	ext{Number of apneas + hypopneas}}{	ext{Total hours of sleep}}$$

Question 12

A patient is diagnosed with severe OSA. Which treatment is considered the gold standard?

Accepted Answer

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy

Question 13

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of bilevel PAP therapy compared to CPAP?

Accepted Answer

It provides higher inspiratory pressure and lower expiratory pressure.

Question 14

Which of the following is a possible consequence of untreated sleep disordered breathing?

Accepted Answer

Excessive strain on the nervous and major organ systems.

Question 15

A patient using an automatic positive airway pressure (APAP) device will experience:

Accepted Answer

Pressure that automatically adjusts based on the patient’s breathing patterns.

Question 16

Which of the following is a key advantage of home sleep studies?

Accepted Answer

They offer added comfort and convenience for the patient.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a mode of positive airway pressure therapy?

Accepted Answer

Negative pressure ventilation

Question 18

A patient with mild OSA who cannot tolerate CPAP therapy may benefit most from which alternative?

Accepted Answer

Mandibular repositioning device (MRD)

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why positive airway pressure therapy can restore normal sleep patterns in severe OSA?

Accepted Answer

It prevents upper airway collapse, reducing apneas and hypopneas, allowing restorative sleep.

Question 20

Which of the following is a severe surgical option for treating sleep apnea, typically reserved for life-threatening cases?

Accepted Answer

Tracheostomy

Sleep Disordered Breathing: Diagnosis and Treatment

Study Guide - Practice Questions