Question 1

Which of the following structures is responsible for draining aqueous humor from the anterior chamber of the eye?

Accepted Answer

Scleral venous sinus

Question 2

A patient presents with difficulty opening their eye after a stroke. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Cranial nerve III (Oculomotor nerve)

Question 3

Which layer of the eye contains the photoreceptor cells responsible for vision?

Accepted Answer

Inner layer (retina)

Question 4

During a bright light reflex, which muscle contracts to constrict the pupil?

Accepted Answer

Sphincter pupillae

Question 5

Which part of the cochlea contains the receptor epithelium for hearing?

Accepted Answer

Spiral organ (organ of Corti) in the scala media

Question 6

A patient with damage to the macula of the saccule would most likely have difficulty detecting:

Accepted Answer

Vertical linear acceleration

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of the ciliary muscle?

Accepted Answer

Acts to focus the lens by changing its shape

Question 8

If the pharyngotympanic tube is blocked, which of the following symptoms is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty equalizing air pressure across the tympanic membrane

Question 9

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between focal length ($$f$$), lens curvature ($$R$$), and refractive index ($$n) in $$the eye?

Accepted Answer

$$f = \frac{R}{n-1}$$

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the visual pathway is correct?

Accepted Answer

The optic chiasm is where axons from both retinas cross over to the opposite side.

Question 11

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the fluids of the internal ear?

Accepted Answer

Perilymph is found in the bony labyrinth and is continuous with cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 12

Which of the following structures is responsible for amplifying the pressure of sound vibrations in the middle ear?

Accepted Answer

Middle ear ossicle chain (malleus, incus, stapes)

Question 13

A patient is unable to taste food on the anterior two-thirds of their tongue. Which cranial nerve is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Facial nerve (CN VII)

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of the otoliths in the vestibular system?

Accepted Answer

Provide mass to the otolith membrane, allowing detection of linear acceleration and head position

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct pairing of photoreceptor cell type and its function?

Accepted Answer

Rod cells – allow vision in dim light

Question 16

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the bony orbit of the eye?

Accepted Answer

Mandible

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the cornea is avascular?

Accepted Answer

It prevents light scattering and maintains transparency for vision.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct order of sound transmission through the ear?

Accepted Answer

Auricle → external acoustic meatus → tympanic membrane → ossicles → oval window → cochlea

Question 19

Which of the following equations best describes the relationship between the speed of sound ($$v$$), frequency ($$f$$), and wavelength ($$\lambda) in $$the cochlea?

Accepted Answer

$$v = f 	imes \lambda$$

Special Senses: Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes

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