$CO = 75 \times 70 = 5250$ mL/min

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the interventricular septum in the heart?

Accepted Answer

It separates the left and right ventricles, ensuring blood flows through the correct circuit.

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with pericarditis. Which of the following best explains how this condition affects cardiac function?

Accepted Answer

Pericarditis causes inflammation of the pericardium, which can restrict heart movement and reduce efficiency.

Question 3

During the cardiac cycle, which phase is characterized by ventricular contraction and ejection of blood?

Accepted Answer

Ventricular systole

Question 4

Why is the left ventricular wall thicker than the right ventricular wall?

Accepted Answer

Because the left ventricle pumps blood to the systemic circulation, which requires higher pressure.

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents cardiac output ($CO$) in terms of heart rate ($HR$) and stroke volume ($SV$)?

Accepted Answer

$CO = HR 	imes SV$

Question 6

A patient has a heart rate of 75 beats per minute and a stroke volume of 70 mL per beat. What is their cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

$CO = 75 	imes 70 = 5250$ mL/min

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of gap junctions in cardiac muscle?

Accepted Answer

They allow rapid electrical communication between cardiac cells, enabling synchronized contraction.

Question 8

Which of the following is a major advantage of parallel blood flow in the systemic circulation?

Accepted Answer

It allows all organs to receive blood with identical oxygen content.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of the AV nodal delay?

Accepted Answer

It allows the atria to finish contracting and emptying blood into the ventricles before ventricular contraction.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a component of the conduction pathway of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary valve

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the cardiac cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

Diastole is longer than systole, allowing the heart to fill with blood.

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why capillaries are the primary site of exchange in the body?

Accepted Answer

Capillaries have a large surface area and thin walls, facilitating exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes.

Question 13

Which of the following correctly traces the pathway of blood through the heart, lungs, and body?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium → Right ventricle → Pulmonary arteries → Lungs → Pulmonary veins → Left atrium → Left ventricle → Aorta → Body

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the pericardial fluid?

Accepted Answer

It lubricates the heart, reducing friction during contraction.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between pulmonary and systemic circulation?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary circulation carries blood between the heart and lungs, while systemic circulation carries blood between the heart and the rest of the body.

Question 16

Which of the following is true regarding the opening and closing of heart valves?

Accepted Answer

Valves open and close due to pressure gradients across them.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?

Accepted Answer

Producing electrical impulses for muscle contraction

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of pacemaker cells in the heart?

Accepted Answer

They generate spontaneous action potentials that initiate the heartbeat.

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic of a closed circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

Blood is contained within vessels and does not directly contact body tissues.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why the atria contract before the ventricles?

Accepted Answer

The electrical impulse reaches the atria first, allowing them to contract and fill the ventricles before ventricular contraction.

Step-by-Step Guidance for BSC 2086 – Chapter 13: The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function

Study Guide - Practice Questions