Question 1

Which of the following organic compounds is primarily responsible for forming the basic bilayer structure of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids

Question 2

A mutation causes a cell to produce defective channel proteins in its membrane. Which function of the membrane would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Selective transport of ions and molecules

Question 3

Which type of membrane protein is most likely to act as a receptor for signaling molecules?

Accepted Answer

Receptor proteins

Question 4

A patient is diagnosed with a disorder that impairs cell-to-cell communication. Which membrane component is most likely defective?

Accepted Answer

Glycoproteins

Question 5

Which equation best represents the structure of a phospholipid molecule?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{Glycerol} + 2\ \mathrm{Fatty\ Acids} + \mathrm{Phosphate\ Group}$

Question 6

If a cell membrane loses its cholesterol content, which property would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Membrane fluidity and stability

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes embedded in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Facilitate chemical reactions at the membrane surface

Question 8

A scientist observes that certain molecules can pass through the cell membrane only when a specific protein is present. What type of transport is this?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 10

A cell is exposed to a toxin that blocks carrier proteins. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Impaired active and passive transport of specific molecules

Question 11

Which of the following organic compounds is least likely to be found as a major component of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 12

Which process is most directly affected if the membrane's channel proteins are destroyed?

Accepted Answer

Passive transport of ions

Question 13

A cell membrane is described as a 'fluid mosaic.' Which feature contributes most to this property?

Accepted Answer

Movement of phospholipids and proteins within the bilayer

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in water?

Accepted Answer

Their hydrophilic heads interact with water while hydrophobic tails avoid water

Question 15

A patient with a genetic mutation lacks glycoproteins on their cell membranes. Which function is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Cell recognition and communication

Question 16

Which formula represents the general structure of a carbohydrate found on the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{(CH_2O)}_n$

Question 17

Which membrane component is most directly involved in catalyzing reactions at the cell surface?

Accepted Answer

Enzymatic proteins

Question 18

A cell is placed in a solution containing a high concentration of glucose. Which membrane component is necessary for glucose to enter the cell efficiently?

Accepted Answer

Carrier proteins

Question 19

Which of the following is a multi-step process involving both membrane proteins and energy expenditure?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 20

A researcher observes that a cell can communicate with its environment by binding specific molecules to its surface. Which membrane component is responsible for this function?

Accepted Answer

Receptor proteins

Structure and Function of Biological Membranes

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