Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a major function of bone tissue in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Producing hormones that regulate blood glucose

Question 2

A patient suffers a fracture in a bone that is described as 'roughly cube-shaped' and found in the wrist. Which type of bone is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Short bone

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why spongy bone is found at the ends of long bones?

Accepted Answer

It reduces the weight of the bone while providing space for marrow.

Question 4

A child is diagnosed with a disorder that impairs hematopoiesis. Which part of their bone is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Red marrow

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the periosteum is correct?

Accepted Answer

It contains a fibrous layer that provides attachment sites for tendons and ligaments.

Question 6

If all spongy bone in the human skeleton were replaced by compact bone, what would be the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The skeleton would be stronger but also heavier, and joints would lose shock absorption.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of yellow bone marrow in adults?

Accepted Answer

Fat storage

Question 8

A long bone is characterized by which of the following features?

Accepted Answer

A shaft with expanded ends

Question 9

Which of the following is most responsible for the strength of the connection between muscle and bone?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers

Question 10

In the case of severe blood loss, which type of bone marrow can convert to the other to help restore blood cell production?

Accepted Answer

Yellow marrow can convert to red marrow

Question 11

Which of the following nutrients would George Pollard and Charles Ramsdell most likely have obtained by sucking on the broken long bones of their shipmates, as described in the 1820 whaling disaster?

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides from adipose tissue

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the endosteum is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It lines all internal surfaces of bone and contains osteogenic cells.

Question 13

A sesamoid bone is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A bone that develops within a tendon, such as the patella.

Question 14

Which equation best represents the relationship between bone mass ($$M$$), bone density ($$\rho$$), and bone volume ($$V$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$M = ho 	imes V$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct pairing of bone type and example?

Accepted Answer

Flat bone – sternum

Question 16

A patient with myelodysplastic syndrome is most likely to have a deficiency in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Red marrow

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why babies have relatively more red marrow than adults?

Accepted Answer

Babies require more red blood cells to be produced quickly to accommodate growth.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about compact bone is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is optimized for strength and hardness, with no visible spaces.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the osteogenic layer of the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

It contains bone stem cells that contribute to bone growth and repair.

Question 20

Which of the following is a true statement about the relationship between bone structure and function?

Accepted Answer

Spongy bone reduces bone weight and provides space for marrow, while compact bone provides strength.

Structure and Function of Bone: Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide

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