$Ca^{2+}_{blood} \rightarrow \text{decrease}$

Question 1

Which type of cartilage is most abundant in the human body and forms the articular surfaces of long bones?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?

Accepted Answer

Insulin secretion

Question 3

A patient presents with bowed legs and an enlarged skull. Blood tests reveal low vitamin D. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Rickets

Question 4

Which cell type is responsible for bone resorption and increases blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 5

During endochondral ossification, which structure forms first?

Accepted Answer

Primary ossification center

Question 6

Which hormone decreases blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Calcitonin

Question 7

According to Wolff's law, what happens to bone when mechanical stress increases?

Accepted Answer

Bone grows or remodels to become stronger

Question 8

A fracture in which the bone ends penetrate the skin is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Compound (open) fracture

Question 9

Which of the following is a risk factor for osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

Insufficient bone stress

Question 10

What is the primary function of osteoblasts?

Accepted Answer

Deposit minerals to form new bone

Question 11

Which bone cell type is a mature cell embedded in the bone matrix and maintains bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteocyte

Question 12

A patient has a T-score of -2.8 on a DEXA scan. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the process of bone lengthening during childhood?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate maintains thickness as cartilage is replaced by bone on the diaphysis side

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE about the healing stages of a bone fracture?

Accepted Answer

Bony callus forms after soft callus

Question 15

Which equation correctly represents the effect of calcitonin on blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

$Ca^{2+}_{blood} ightarrow 	ext{decrease}$

Question 16

Which bone marking is described as a round articular projection that forms a joint?

Accepted Answer

Condyle

Question 17

A comminuted fracture is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Bone fragments into three or more pieces

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why osteoporosis is more common in postmenopausal women?

Accepted Answer

Decreased sex hormone levels lead to increased bone resorption

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the steps in endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage model forms, then primary ossification center develops, then medullary cavity forms

Question 20

Which of the following treatments is used to inhibit osteoclast activity in osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

Bisphosphonates

Study Guide: Bones and Skeletal Tissue (Anatomy & Physiology)

Study Guide - Practice Questions