Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the SA node in the heart?

Accepted Answer

It initiates the electrical impulse that sets the pace for the heart rate.

Question 2

A patient has a blockage in the left coronary artery. Which area of the heart is most likely to be affected first?

Accepted Answer

Left ventricle

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why red blood cells (RBCs) have a biconcave shape?

Accepted Answer

To increase their surface area for gas exchange

Question 4

Which of the following equations correctly represents cardiac output ($$CO$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$CO = HR 	imes SV$$

Question 5

A patient’s ECG shows an abnormally prolonged PR interval. What does this most likely indicate?

Accepted Answer

Delayed conduction through the AV node

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of the lymphatic system in relation to the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

It returns excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream.

Question 7

Which pathway is primarily responsible for initiating the blood-clotting cascade after tissue injury?

Accepted Answer

Extrinsic pathway

Question 8

Which plasma protein is most responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 9

A person with type AB blood can safely receive blood from which of the following blood types?

Accepted Answer

All blood types (universal recipient)

Question 10

Which of the following best describes hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

The process of stopping blood loss after vessel injury

Question 11

Which of the following statements about capillaries is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are the primary site of nutrient and gas exchange.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct sequence of blood flow through the heart and lungs?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium → Right ventricle → Pulmonary artery → Lungs → Left atrium

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why serum is different from plasma?

Accepted Answer

Serum is plasma without clotting factors.

Question 14

Which of the following is the main carrier of oxygen in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin

Question 15

A patient with a deficiency in vitamin K would most likely have problems with which process?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in regulating heart rate?

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic division increases heart rate, while the parasympathetic division decreases it.

Question 17

Which of the following white blood cells is most numerous in a normal blood smear?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 18

A patient with type O blood needs a transfusion. Which blood types can safely be given?

Accepted Answer

Type O only

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the Frank-Starling law of the heart?

Accepted Answer

The greater the stretch of the ventricular muscle, the greater the force of contraction.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct formula for mean arterial pressure ($$MAP$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$MAP = CO 	imes TPR$$

Study Guide: Heart, Vessels, Hemodynamics, Blood, and Lymphatic System

Study Guide - Practice Questions