Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

To return excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream and provide immune defense

Question 2

A patient presents with enlarged germinal centers in the cortex of their lymph nodes. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

Active infection with increased B cell division

Question 3

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the thymus?

Accepted Answer

It is the site where T lymphocytes develop immunocompetence

Question 4

During fetal thymus lymphocyte selection, what happens to cells that react to self-antigens?

Accepted Answer

They are destroyed to prevent autoimmune disease

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct pathway for lymph drainage from the left side of the body?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic duct $$ \rightarrow $$ junction of left internal jugular and subclavian veins

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a first line of defense in the innate immune system?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages)

Question 7

Which antibody is most abundant in plasma and accounts for 75%-85% of circulating antibodies?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 8

A patient receives a shot of antibodies before traveling to a foreign country. What type of immunity is this?

Accepted Answer

Passive, artificial immunity

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the secondary immune response to an antigen?

Accepted Answer

It is more rapid and prolonged due to immunological memory

Question 10

Which mechanism is responsible for cell lysis during an antibody-antigen reaction?

Accepted Answer

Complement fixation

Question 11

Which of the following is a characteristic of the trachea?

Accepted Answer

Walls made of hyaline cartilage rings

Question 12

What is the anatomical reason for a higher pitch in female voices compared to male voices?

Accepted Answer

Shorter and thinner vocal cords

Question 13

Which muscles are primarily responsible for inspiration?

Accepted Answer

External intercostals and diaphragm

Question 14

What happens to intrapulmonary pressure during inspiration?

Accepted Answer

Volume increases and pressure decreases

Question 15

A patient is hyperventilating. What happens to their blood CO2 and pH levels?

Accepted Answer

CO2 decreases, pH increases

Question 16

Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction $$\mathrm{CO_2$ + H_2O \rightarrow H_2CO_3} in $$red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Carbonic anhydrase

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why carbon dioxide transport in plasma is higher than oxygen transport?

Accepted Answer

CO2 is 20 times more soluble than O2

Question 18

If a patient has a dead space greater than 150 mL, what is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

Damage to alveoli contributing to dead space

Question 19

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between partial pressure of CO2 and blood pH?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{As } P_{CO_2$} \uparrow, 	ext{ pH } \downarrow$$

Question 20

A patient with a collapsed lung is diagnosed with pneumothorax. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

Presence of air in the pleural cavity

Study Guide: Lymphatic, Immune, and Respiratory Systems (Chapters 20-22)

Study Guide - Practice Questions