Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a nerve and a tract?

Accepted Answer

A nerve is a bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system, while a tract is a bundle of axons in the central nervous system.

Question 2

Which structural classification of neuron is most commonly found in sensory organs such as the retina of the eye?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar neuron

Question 3

A patient is unable to move their right eye laterally. Which cranial nerve is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Abducens nerve (VI)

Question 4

Which of the following correctly matches the lobe of the brain with its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Frontal lobe – voluntary motor control

Question 5

Which structure is responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Choroid plexus

Question 6

A lesion in the precentral gyrus would most likely result in which of the following deficits?

Accepted Answer

Impaired voluntary motor function

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct order of the meninges from outermost to innermost?

Accepted Answer

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of afferent neurons?

Accepted Answer

They carry sensory information from receptors to the CNS.

Question 9

Which part of the ear is responsible for detecting rotational movement of the head?

Accepted Answer

Semicircular canals

Question 10

A patient presents with symptoms of hypothyroidism. Which hormone would you expect to be decreased in their blood?

Accepted Answer

Thyroxine ($$T_4)$$

Question 11

Which of the following cranial nerves is purely sensory?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve (II)

Question 12

Which structure connects the two cerebral hemispheres and allows communication between them?

Accepted Answer

Corpus callosum

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the tapetum lucidum in the cow eye?

Accepted Answer

It reflects light to enhance night vision.

Question 14

Which endocrine gland is located in the neck and releases hormones that regulate metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the negative feedback loop regulating thyroid hormone levels?

Accepted Answer

Increased $$T_3$$ and $$T_4$$ levels inhibit the release of TSH.

Question 16

Which structure in the brain stem is responsible for regulating heart rate and breathing?

Accepted Answer

Medulla oblongata

Question 17

A patient has lost the ability to taste sweet and salty foods. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Facial nerve (VII)

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct pathway for the transmission of a signal across a synapse?

Accepted Answer

Presynaptic cell → synaptic cleft → postsynaptic cell

Question 19

Which of the following formulas correctly represents the calculation of the resting membrane potential ($$V_m) $$using the Nernst equation for potassium ions?

Accepted Answer

$$V_m = \frac{RT}{zF} \ln \left( \frac{[K^+]_{out}}{[K^+]_{in}} \right)$$

Question 20

A patient with a pituitary tumor is experiencing abnormal growth and elevated blood glucose. Which hormone is most likely being overproduced?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone (GH)

Study Guide: Nervous and Endocrine Systems, Special Senses (Lab Practical Exam 3)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards