Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between the male and female pelvis?

Accepted Answer

The female pelvis is broader, has a wider pelvic inlet, and a more obtuse pubic arch.

Question 2

Which neuroglia cell is responsible for forming myelin in the central nervous system (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 3

A patient presents with a loss of sensation in their right hand. Which division of the nervous system is primarily responsible for transmitting this sensory information?

Accepted Answer

Somatic sensory division

Question 4

During the depolarization phase of an action potential, which channels are primarily open?

Accepted Answer

Voltage-gated Na$$^+$$ channels

Question 5

Which of the following best explains the difference in ionic composition between intracellular and extracellular fluids?

Accepted Answer

Intracellular fluid has higher K$$^+$$ and lower Na$$^+$$ than extracellular fluid.

Question 6

Which equation is used to calculate the resting membrane potential based on ion concentrations and membrane permeability?

Accepted Answer

The Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation: $$V_m = \frac{RT}{F} \ln \frac{P_{K^+}[K^+]_{out} + P_{Na^+}[Na^+]_{out} + P_{Cl^-}[Cl^-]_{in}}{P_{K^+}[K^+]_{in} + P_{Na^+}[Na^+]_{in} + P_{Cl^-}[Cl^-]_{out}}$$

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of the nodes of Ranvier?

Accepted Answer

They allow for saltatory conduction by enabling action potentials to jump between myelinated segments.

Question 8

A neuron receives multiple excitatory and inhibitory inputs. Which process determines whether it will fire an action potential?

Accepted Answer

Summation of postsynaptic potentials

Question 9

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the absolute refractory period?

Accepted Answer

Voltage-gated Na$$^+$$ channels are inactivated and cannot be reopened.

Question 10

Which neurotransmitter is released at neuromuscular junctions and acts via ligand-gated ion channels?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 11

Which structural classification describes a neuron with one axon and multiple dendrites?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar neuron

Question 12

Which functional area of the brain is located in the occipital lobe?

Accepted Answer

Primary visual cortex

Question 13

Which type of fiber in cerebral white matter connects the two hemispheres of the brain?

Accepted Answer

Commissural fibers

Question 14

A patient has damage to the primary motor cortex. Which of the following symptoms is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Impaired voluntary movement in the contralateral side of the body

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the flow of sensory information in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Sensory information enters the thalamus, then the primary sensory cortex, then the association area.

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of graded potentials, but NOT action potentials?

Accepted Answer

They decrease in amplitude as they spread from the site of origin.

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the conduction velocity of action potentials?

Accepted Answer

It increases with axon diameter and myelination.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of presynaptic inhibition?

Accepted Answer

A neurotransmitter decreases the release of another neurotransmitter from the presynaptic neuron.

Question 19

Which lobe of the brain contains the primary somatosensory cortex?

Accepted Answer

Parietal lobe

Question 20

A patient with multiple sclerosis has demyelination in the CNS. Which cell type is most affected?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Study Guide: Skeletal and Nervous System (Chapters 7, 11, 12)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards