Question 1

Which layer of the epidermis is primarily responsible for mitotic cell division and regeneration after minor skin injuries?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that covers the entire epidermis and part of the dermis. According to the rule of nines, what percentage of the body surface area is affected if the burn is on the anterior trunk?

Accepted Answer

$18\%$

Question 3

Which type of connective tissue forms the papillary layer of the dermis and is responsible for providing nutrients to the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

Areolar connective tissue

Question 4

Melanin is the primary pigment responsible for skin color. Which organelle within melanocytes synthesizes melanin?

Accepted Answer

Melanosome

Question 5

A patient with albinism lacks the ability to produce melanin. Which enzyme is deficient, leading to this condition?

Accepted Answer

Tyrosinase

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the function of Langerhans cells in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

Immune defense against pathogens

Question 7

A tattoo needle penetrates the skin to deposit ink. Which layer must the ink reach for the tattoo to be permanent?

Accepted Answer

Dermis

Question 8

Which gland is responsible for producing sebum, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Sebaceous gland; lubrication of skin and hair

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why the skin appears cyanotic in hypoxia?

Accepted Answer

Decreased oxygenation of hemoglobin

Question 10

A patient has a deep laceration that crosses the lines of cleavage (tension lines) at a right angle. What is the likely outcome compared to a parallel incision?

Accepted Answer

Slower healing and more scarring

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct order of the layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep in thick skin?

Accepted Answer

Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

Question 12

Which structure anchors the epidermis to the underlying dermis and is essential for skin integrity?

Accepted Answer

Basement membrane

Question 13

Which type of sweat gland is most abundant and plays a major role in thermoregulation?

Accepted Answer

Eccrine gland

Question 14

A patient presents with yellowing of the skin and sclera. Which pigment is most likely responsible for this condition?

Accepted Answer

Bilirubin

Question 15

Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels, nerves, and most accessory structures such as hair follicles and sweat glands?

Accepted Answer

Dermis

Question 16

Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Question 17

Which protein is the main structural component of hair and nails?

Accepted Answer

Keratin

Question 18

A patient has a wound that affects both the epidermis and the dermis. Which phase of integument repair involves the migration of fibroblasts and formation of granulation tissue?

Accepted Answer

Migratory phase

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the hypodermis?

Accepted Answer

Anchoring skin to underlying tissues and insulation

Question 20

Which type of burn affects the epidermis, dermis, and underlying subcutaneous tissue, often requiring skin grafts for healing?

Accepted Answer

Third-degree burn

Study Guide: The Integumentary System – Structure, Function, and Clinical Aspects

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards