Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

On average, how many bones are present in the adult human body?

Accepted Answer

206

Question 3

Which bone microanatomy structure is primarily responsible for the concentric rings seen in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Lamellae

Question 4

A patient presents with brittle bones and frequent fractures. Blood tests reveal low calcium levels. Which hormone is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Question 5

Which equation best represents the relationship between bone mass ($M$), calcium intake ($C$), and exercise ($E$) over time ($t$)?

Accepted Answer

$M = k_1 C + k_2 E - k_3 t$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the function of osteoclasts?

Accepted Answer

Bone resorption

Question 7

During fetal development, which process forms most of the long bones?

Accepted Answer

Endochondral ossification

Question 8

Which structure allows nutrients and waste to travel between osteocytes in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Canaliculi

Question 9

A child with vitamin D deficiency is most likely to develop which condition?

Accepted Answer

Rickets

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why post-menopausal women are at increased risk for osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in estrogen leads to increased bone resorption

Question 11

Which part of the long bone is responsible for growth in length during childhood and adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate

Question 12

Which mineral is most abundant in the human skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct sequence for bone repair after a fracture?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation → fibrocartilaginous callus → bony callus → bone remodeling

Question 14

Which structure is found in spongy bone and provides support while reducing bone weight?

Accepted Answer

Trabeculae

Question 15

Which equation best represents the regulation of calcium levels in the blood ($[Ca^{2+}]$) by parathyroid hormone ($PTH$) and calcitonin ($CT$)?

Accepted Answer

$[Ca^{2+}] = k_1 PTH - k_2 CT$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of vitamin K in bone health?

Accepted Answer

It is required for the synthesis of osteocalcin, a protein involved in bone mineralization

Question 17

A patient with a mutation in the gene encoding collagen type I is most likely to have which bone disorder?

Accepted Answer

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 18

Which of the following statements about bone remodeling is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It involves both bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts

Question 19

Which part of the bone contains red bone marrow and is the primary site of hematopoiesis in adults?

Accepted Answer

Epiphysis of long bones

Question 20

Which of the following exercises would most likely increase bone density in the femur?

Accepted Answer

Weight-bearing activities such as running

Study Guide: The Skeletal System – Part I

Study Guide - Practice Questions