Question 1

Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?

Accepted Answer

Standing upright, facing forward, arms at the sides with palms facing forward, feet slightly apart.

Question 2

A patient’s blood glucose rises after eating. Which feedback mechanism restores homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback, where insulin is released to lower blood glucose.

Question 3

Which statement correctly matches atomic particles with their properties?

Accepted Answer

Protons have a positive charge, neutrons are neutral, electrons have a negative charge.

Question 4

Which four elements make up the bulk of body matter?

Accepted Answer

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

Question 5

Which of the following best describes an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

Question 6

Which scenario illustrates a hydrogen bond in the human body?

Accepted Answer

The attraction between the hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the oxygen atom of another water molecule.

Question 7

Which compound is hydrophilic and why?

Accepted Answer

Glucose, because it contains polar groups that interact with water.

Question 8

Which of the following is an organic compound?

Accepted Answer

Glucose ($$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6)$$

Question 9

Which statement best describes the building blocks and function of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates are made of monosaccharides and provide energy for cellular processes.

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of lipids in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Forming cell membranes and storing energy.

Question 11

A protein’s function is lost after exposure to high heat. What process has occurred?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation, which disrupts the protein’s structure and function.

Question 12

Which level of protein structure is directly affected by denaturation?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary structure

Question 13

Which scenario best illustrates the difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose and is double-stranded; RNA contains ribose and is single-stranded.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cell metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores and transfers energy for cellular processes.

Question 15

A patient is dehydrated and receives an intravenous solution. Which property of water is most important for dissolving the salts in the IV fluid?

Accepted Answer

Water’s polarity allows it to dissolve ionic compounds.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between hydrogen and oxygen in a water molecule ($$\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O})$$

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why proteins can have such diverse functions in the body?

Accepted Answer

Proteins have four levels of structure, allowing for complex shapes and functions.

Question 18

A patient’s body temperature rises rapidly due to infection. Which feedback mechanism is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback, where the body amplifies the fever response.

Question 19

Which of the following is a hydrophobic compound?

Accepted Answer

Triglyceride

Question 20

Which multi-step scenario best illustrates the importance of ATP in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

ATP binds to myosin, allowing it to detach from actin; hydrolysis of ATP provides energy for myosin to re-cock and repeat the contraction cycle.

Study Notes: The Human Body Orientation & Chemistry Comes Alive (ANP College Level)

Study Guide - Practice Questions