Question 1

Which cranial nerve, besides the accessory nerve (XII), extends beyond the head and neck to innervate organs in the thorax and abdomen?

Accepted Answer

Vagus (X)

Question 2

The area of the brain that allows us to consciously move our skeletal muscles is located anterior to the central sulcus in which lobe?

Accepted Answer

Primary motor; frontal

Question 3

The cell bodies of sensory neurons whose fibers enter the spinal cord via the dorsal root are found in the:

Accepted Answer

Dorsal root ganglion

Question 4

Which cells produce myelin in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), and which produce it in the central nervous system (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cells; oligodendrocytes

Question 5

The central nervous system (CNS) consists of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The brain and spinal cord

Question 6

The three connective tissue membranes covering and protecting CNS structures are collectively known as the ______. The ______ is the outermost, leathery layer.

Accepted Answer

Meninges; dura mater

Question 7

A patient suffers a stroke that damages the longitudinal fissure of the cerebrum. Which function is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Coordination between right and left cerebral hemispheres

Question 8

Which of the following substances can easily enter brain tissue due to the tight junctions that form the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

Essential amino acids

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of the medulla oblongata?

Accepted Answer

Consciousness and circadian rhythms

Question 10

Between successive Schwann cells, there are gaps in the myelin sheath called:

Accepted Answer

Nodes of Ranvier

Question 11

Which structure produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Accepted Answer

Choroid plexuses

Question 12

The cerebellum aids in the maintenance of:

Accepted Answer

Balance and posture

Question 13

The corpus callosum connects the:

Accepted Answer

Right and left cerebral hemispheres

Question 14

Which cranial nerve supplies motor fibers to the pharynx that promote swallowing and saliva production, and carries sensory impulses from taste buds of the posterior tongue and from pressure receptors of the carotid artery?

Accepted Answer

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

Question 15

Which of the following statements regarding the nerve impulse is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

As $\mathrm{Na^+}$ ions diffuse rapidly into the cell, the polarity of the membrane changes and the inside becomes more positive.

Question 16

Which of the following is a central nervous system (CNS) glial cell?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 17

An action potential occurs when the local potential reaches threshold, obeys the all-or-none rule, proceeds with constant magnitude from one point to another, and is characterized by a series of depolarizations and repolarizations along the membrane. Which of the following best describes this process?

Accepted Answer

All the above statements are correct.

Question 18

A patient presents with loss of coordination and balance. Which brain structure is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the dendrite of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

Conducts nerve impulses toward the neuron cell body

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, a disease that destroys myelin in the CNS. Which cell type is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Study Notes: The Nervous System (Chapter 7) – Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards