Question 1

Which division of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is responsible for involuntary control of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands?

Accepted Answer

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Question 2

A patient presents with loss of sensation in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and inability to smile symmetrically. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Facial nerve (VII)

Question 3

Which type of sensory receptor is primarily responsible for detecting changes in blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Baroreceptors

Question 4

The optic nerve (II) is unique among cranial nerves because its axons are myelinated by which type of glial cell?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Question 5

Which cranial nerve is the only one to extend beyond the head and neck into the thorax and abdomen?

Accepted Answer

Vagus nerve (X)

Question 6

A researcher applies capsaicin to a neuron and observes activation of a nonselective cation channel at temperatures above 43°C. Which receptor is being studied?

Accepted Answer

TRPV1

Question 7

Which of the following best describes proprioceptors?

Accepted Answer

They monitor the position and stretch of skeletal muscles, tendons, and joints.

Question 8

Which cranial nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle and is the only cranial nerve to decussate?

Accepted Answer

Trochlear nerve (IV)

Question 9

A patient is unable to abduct their right eye. Which cranial nerve is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Abducens nerve (VI)

Question 10

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the organization of the PNS?

Accepted Answer

Nerves are bundles of peripheral axons that can contain both sensory and motor fibers.

Question 11

Which cranial nerve is responsible for taste sensation on the posterior 1/3 of the tongue and also contains baroreceptors for the carotid sinus?

Accepted Answer

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of encapsulated nerve endings?

Accepted Answer

They are enclosed in a capsule of connective tissue and detect touch, pressure, and vibration.

Question 13

Which cranial nerve is involved in both sensory and motor functions for chewing and facial sensation?

Accepted Answer

Trigeminal nerve (V)

Question 14

A lesion affecting the dorsal root of a spinal nerve would most likely result in which of the following deficits?

Accepted Answer

Loss of sensory input from the affected area

Question 15

Which equation best represents the number of spinal nerve pairs in the human body?

Accepted Answer

$$8 + 12 + 5 + 5 + 1 = 31$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct pairing of receptor type and stimulus detected?

Accepted Answer

Chemoreceptors — chemicals in solution

Question 17

Which cranial nerve is responsible for hearing and balance?

Accepted Answer

Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

Question 18

A patient with a lesion in the hypoglossal nerve (XII) would most likely present with which symptom?

Accepted Answer

Impaired tongue movement

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the olfactory nerve (I) is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It continuously regenerates neurons during adulthood.

Question 20

Which mnemonic helps remember the order of the cranial nerves?

Accepted Answer

Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, AH

Study Notes: The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) and Cranial Nerves

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards