$$\text{Bone Hardness} \propto \text{Calcium Salts}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of bones in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Production of digestive enzymes

Question 2

Which subdivision of the skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and bony thorax?

Accepted Answer

Axial skeleton

Question 3

A bone that is generally cube-shaped and contains mostly spongy bone with an outer layer of compact bone is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Short bone

Question 4

Which structure covers the external surface of the epiphyses and decreases friction at joint surfaces?

Accepted Answer

Articular cartilage

Question 5

What is the main difference between compact bone and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone is dense, smooth, and homogeneous, while spongy bone has small needlelike pieces and many open spaces

Question 6

Which bone marking is a depression or cavity and always begins with the letter 'F'?

Accepted Answer

Fossa

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the repair of a bone fracture?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma forms, fibrocartilage callus forms, bony callus replaces fibrocartilage, bone remodeling

Question 8

Which hormone is released when calcium ion levels in the blood are low, and what is its effect on bone?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone; activates osteoclasts to break down bone and release calcium

Question 9

A patient presents with a bone that is crushed, commonly seen in osteoporotic bones of older people. What type of fracture is this?

Accepted Answer

Compression fracture

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the medullary cavity is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It contains yellow marrow (mostly fat) in adults

Question 11

Which bone cell is responsible for forming new bone matrix during ossification?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblast

Question 12

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between bone hardness and its components?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Bone Hardness} \propto 	ext{Calcium Salts}$$

Question 13

Which anatomical feature of compact bone allows for the transport of nutrients between osteocytes?

Accepted Answer

Canaliculi

Question 14

A long bone grows in length primarily due to activity at which structure?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of collagen fibers in bone?

Accepted Answer

They make bone flexible and provide tensile strength

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of a flat bone?

Accepted Answer

Rib

Question 17

Which bone marking is a large, rounded projection and is usually roughened?

Accepted Answer

Tuberosity

Question 18

During appositional growth, which cells add bone matrix to the outside of the diaphysis?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why bone injuries heal faster than cartilage injuries?

Accepted Answer

Bone has a rich blood supply, while cartilage does not

Question 20

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

It is the outside covering of the diaphysis and is made of fibrous connective tissue

Study Notes: The Skeletal System (Anatomy & Physiology)

Study Guide - Practice Questions