Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the three meningeal layers of the spinal cord from outermost to innermost?

Accepted Answer

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

Question 2

A patient suffers a spinal cord injury that damages the posterior (dorsal) root ganglion. Which function is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Sensory input from the periphery

Question 3

Which space contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Subarachnoid space

Question 4

If the anterior median fissure of the spinal cord is damaged, which structure is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Anterior white columns

Question 5

Which connective tissue covering surrounds individual axons within a spinal nerve?

Accepted Answer

Endoneurium

Question 6

A patient presents with loss of sensation in the skin over the coccygeal region. Which spinal plexus is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Coccygeal plexus

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of the stretch reflex?

Accepted Answer

Contracts a muscle in response to stretching

Question 8

The brachial plexus supplies nerves to which region of the body?

Accepted Answer

Shoulders and upper limbs

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a component of a typical reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 10

A person steps on a sharp object and quickly withdraws their foot. Which reflex is responsible for this action?

Accepted Answer

Flexor (withdrawal) reflex

Question 11

Which spinal nerve branch innervates the muscles and skin of the back?

Accepted Answer

Posterior (dorsal) ramus

Question 12

If the lumbar plexus is damaged, which function is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Sensation in the abdominal wall and lower limbs

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the tendon reflex is correct?

Accepted Answer

It prevents muscle damage by causing relaxation when tension is high

Question 14

Which equation best represents the relationship between the number of spinal nerve pairs and their regions?

Accepted Answer

$$C_8 + T$$_{12} + $$L_5$$ + $$S_5$$ + $$Co_1 = 31$

Question 15

Which tract in the spinal cord carries sensory information toward the brain?

Accepted Answer

Ascending tract

Question 16

During a reflex arc, which neuron directly stimulates the effector?

Accepted Answer

Motor neuron

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of the crossed extensor reflex?

Accepted Answer

Contracts muscles in the opposite limb to maintain balance

Question 18

A patient has lost motor function in the anterior portion of the spinal cord but retains sensory function. Which tract is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Descending tract

Question 19

Which of the following is a bundle of fibers/axons within a spinal nerve?

Accepted Answer

Fascicle

Question 20

Which plexus supplies the skin and muscles of the head, neck, diaphragm, and upper part of the shoulders?

Accepted Answer

Cervical plexus

Chapter 13: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Study Guide - Practice Questions