Question 1

Which artery is primarily responsible for supplying oxygenated blood to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Internal carotid artery

Question 2

A blockage in the abdominal aorta would most directly affect blood flow to which of the following regions?

Accepted Answer

Lower limbs

Question 3

Which vessel branches directly off the aortic arch to supply the left upper limb?

Accepted Answer

Left subclavian artery

Question 4

If a patient has a clot in the right brachial artery, which area would most likely experience reduced blood flow?

Accepted Answer

Right forearm and hand

Question 5

Which of the following arteries is NOT a direct branch of the abdominal aorta?

Accepted Answer

Brachial artery

Question 6

A patient presents with ischemia in the lower limb. Which artery is most likely compromised?

Accepted Answer

Femoral artery

Question 7

Which equation best represents the relationship between blood flow ($$F$$), pressure difference ($$\Delta P$$), and resistance ($$R) in a $$vessel?

Accepted Answer

$$F = \Delta P / R$$

Question 8

During exercise, which vessel will dilate to increase blood flow to the skeletal muscles of the lower limb?

Accepted Answer

Femoral artery

Question 9

Which of the following is a major difference between arteries and veins in the systemic circulation?

Accepted Answer

Arteries carry oxygenated blood (except pulmonary arteries); veins carry deoxygenated blood (except pulmonary veins).

Question 10

A patient suffers trauma to the neck, damaging the right internal carotid artery. Which of the following symptoms is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Reduced blood flow to the right side of the brain

Question 11

Which vessel is responsible for draining deoxygenated blood from the brain?

Accepted Answer

Internal jugular vein

Question 12

If the left common iliac artery is blocked, which region will most likely experience ischemia?

Accepted Answer

Left lower limb

Question 13

Which of the following arteries supplies blood to the abdominal organs such as the stomach, liver, and spleen?

Accepted Answer

Celiac trunk

Question 14

A patient with portal hypertension is likely to have increased pressure in which vein?

Accepted Answer

Hepatic portal vein

Question 15

Which vessel is the main supplier of blood to the upper limb?

Accepted Answer

Subclavian artery

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the path of blood from the heart to the right hand?

Accepted Answer

Aortic arch → brachiocephalic trunk → right subclavian artery → brachial artery → radial artery

Question 17

Which equation correctly calculates mean arterial pressure ($$MAP) $$using systolic ($$SP) $$and diastolic ($$DP) $$pressures?

Accepted Answer

$$MAP = DP + (SP - DP) / 3$$

Question 18

Which vein is responsible for returning blood from the lower limb to the heart?

Accepted Answer

Femoral vein

Question 19

A patient with atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries is at risk for which condition?

Accepted Answer

Myocardial infarction

Question 20

Which of the following arteries is a direct branch of the thoracic aorta?

Accepted Answer

Intercostal artery

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels – Major Arteries of the Systemic Circulation

Study Guide - Practice Questions