$$CO = 80 \times 70 = 5600 ml/$$min

Question 1

Which of the following statements about the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein is correct?

Accepted Answer

The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

Question 2

A patient has a blockage in the inferior vena cava. Which region of the body would most likely experience impaired blood return to the heart?

Accepted Answer

Lower body below the diaphragm

Question 3

During ventricular systole, which of the following events occurs?

Accepted Answer

Semilunar valves open and blood is ejected from the ventricles.

Question 4

Which heart valve prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium?

Accepted Answer

Tricuspid valve

Question 5

If a person’s heart rate ($$HR) is 80 $$beats per minute and their stroke volume ($$SV) is 70 ml$$, what is their cardiac output ($$CO$$)?

$$CO = HR 	imes SV$$

Accepted Answer

$$CO = 80 	imes 70 = 5600 ml/$$min

Question 6

Which layer of the heart wall is responsible for the contraction of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Myocardium

Question 7

A patient is diagnosed with bradycardia. Which of the following best describes their condition?

Accepted Answer

Slow heart rate

Question 8

Which structure acts as the heart’s pacemaker, initiating each heartbeat?

Accepted Answer

Sinoatrial (SA) node

Question 9

During isovolumetric contraction, what is the state of the heart’s valves?

Accepted Answer

Both atrioventricular and semilunar valves are closed

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why the left ventricle has thicker walls than the right ventricle?

Accepted Answer

It pumps blood to the body through the systemic circuit, which requires higher pressure.

Question 11

Which of the following is TRUE regarding arteries and veins?

Accepted Answer

Veins have valves to prevent backflow, while arteries generally do not.

Question 12

A patient’s blood pressure is measured as 120/80 mmHg. What does the 120 represent?

Accepted Answer

Pressure in the arteries at the peak of ventricular contraction (systolic pressure)

Question 13

Which of the following sequences correctly traces the path of blood through the heart and lungs?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium → Tricuspid valve → Right ventricle → Pulmonary artery → Lungs → Pulmonary vein → Left atrium → Mitral valve → Left ventricle → Aorta

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of the chordae tendineae?

Accepted Answer

They anchor the cusps of the atrioventricular valves to the walls of the ventricles.

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

Transport oxygen, nutrients, cell wastes, and hormones to and from cells.

Question 16

A patient has a defect in the mitral valve. Which chamber is most likely to be affected by backflow of blood?

Accepted Answer

Left atrium

Question 17

Which of the following statements about capillaries is correct?

Accepted Answer

Capillaries allow exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and tissues.

Question 18

If the sinoatrial (SA) node fails to function, which structure can take over as the pacemaker of the heart, but at a slower rate?

Accepted Answer

Atrioventricular (AV) node

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of the intrinsic conduction system (nodal system) in the heart?

Accepted Answer

It sets the heart rhythm and coordinates contraction of the heart chambers.

The Cardiovascular System: Structure, Function, and Circulation

Study Guide - Practice Questions