Question 1

Which phase of the cell cycle is primarily responsible for DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 2

During mitosis, what is the correct sequence of phases?

Accepted Answer

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 3

If a somatic cell with a diploid number $2N = 46$ undergoes mitosis, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?

Accepted Answer

$46$

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the role of spindle fibers during metaphase?

Accepted Answer

They attach to centromeres and align chromosomes in the middle of the cell

Question 5

What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis in terms of chromosome number in daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis produces daughter cells with the same chromosome number as the parent cell, while meiosis produces daughter cells with half the chromosome number

Question 6

Which cell type is produced by meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Gametes (ova and sperm)

Question 7

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes begin to elongate and unwind, and the nuclear envelope reforms?

Accepted Answer

Telophase

Question 8

A mutation prevents the formation of spindle fibers in a cell. Which phase of mitosis would be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 9

Which of the following equations correctly represents the chromosome number change during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

$2N = 2N + 2N$

Question 10

In a multicellular organism, why is it important that daughter cells produced by mitosis are genetically identical to the parent cell?

Accepted Answer

To maintain tissue function and organismal growth

Question 11

Which sub-phase of interphase is responsible for the synthesis of DNA?

Accepted Answer

S

Question 12

A cell in the G2 phase of interphase has just completed DNA replication. What is its next step in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Begin mitosis with prophase

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a reason for cell division in multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

To reproduce the organism

Question 14

During anaphase of mitosis, what event occurs?

Accepted Answer

Chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles

Question 15

If a cell fails to replicate its DNA during the S phase, what is the most likely consequence during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Daughter cells will have incomplete or missing genetic material

Question 16

Which structure is responsible for temporarily holding sister chromatids together during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Centromere

Question 17

A scientist observes a cell with condensed chromatin fibers forming visible chromosomes. Which phase is this cell most likely in?

Accepted Answer

Early prophase

Question 18

Which of the following best describes cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

Division of the cytoplasm

Question 19

In a medical scenario, a patient’s cells are observed to have multiple nuclei per cell. Which phase of the cell cycle likely failed to complete properly?

Accepted Answer

Cytokinesis

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of errors in the cell cycle, such as uncontrolled cell division?

Accepted Answer

Development of cancer

The Cell Cycle: Structure, Function, and Phases

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