Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a basic process carried out by cells as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 2

A cell is placed in a solution and begins to swell and eventually bursts. Which type of solution was the cell placed in?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Question 3

Which component of the plasma membrane is primarily responsible for stabilizing its structure during temperature changes?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol

Question 4

What is the main difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion requires membrane proteins, while simple diffusion does not.

Question 5

Which equation best represents the movement of sodium and potassium ions by the Na⁺/K⁺ pump during primary active transport?

Accepted Answer

$$3\mathrm{Na}^+_{in} + 2\mathrm{K}^+_{out} \rightarrow 3\mathrm{Na}^+_{out} + 2\mathrm{K}^+_{in}$$

Question 6

A patient is given an intravenous solution that is hypertonic compared to their blood plasma. What is the most likely effect on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Cells will lose water and shrink (crenate).

Question 7

Which of the following statements about osmosis is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is reversible if a pressure greater than the osmotic pressure is applied.

Question 8

Which type of membrane protein is most likely to be involved in cell-to-cell recognition?

Accepted Answer

Glycoprotein

Question 9

A drug that binds to a membrane receptor and blocks the action of the natural ligand is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

Antagonist

Question 10

Which of the following best describes secondary active transport?

Accepted Answer

It couples the passive movement of one substance with the active movement of another.

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining cell shape and providing transport within the cell

Question 12

Which process involves the movement of large particles such as bacteria into the cell by immune cells?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 13

What is the primary force that drives simple diffusion across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Concentration gradient

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why the phospholipid bilayer forms an effective barrier between the ECF and cytosol?

Accepted Answer

The hydrophobic tails repel water, preventing free movement of polar molecules.

Question 15

Which equation best represents the calculation of osmotic pressure ($$\Pi) $$using van't Hoff's law?

Accepted Answer

$$\Pi = iMRT$$

Question 16

A cell is placed in an isotonic solution. What will happen to the cell's volume?

Accepted Answer

It will remain unchanged.

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

It is negative inside the cell compared to the ECF.

Question 18

Which process is used by cells to release substances such as hormones or waste products into the extracellular space?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A dynamic structure with proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates moving laterally within the bilayer.

Question 20

Which of the following is a consequence of dehydration during strenuous exercise?

Accepted Answer

The ECF becomes hypertonic, drawing water out of the cells.

The Cell: Structure, Function, and Membrane Transport

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards