Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the Cell Theory?

Accepted Answer

Cells are produced by the division of preexisting cells and are the smallest units that perform all vital physiological functions.

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with situs inversus. Which of the following is a likely consequence of this condition?

Accepted Answer

Organs are mirrored from their normal positions, potentially causing complications in the circulatory and digestive systems.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the structure of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A phospholipid bilayer with hydrophilic heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward.

Question 4

What is the primary function of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

To make the plasma membrane less fluid and less permeable.

Question 5

Which type of membrane protein is responsible for transporting specific solutes through the membrane?

Accepted Answer

Carrier proteins

Question 6

A defect in which of the following would most likely result in cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

A broken channel protein that cannot move chloride ions across the cell membrane.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why increasing the surface area of a cell increases its efficiency in moving substances?

Accepted Answer

It provides more area for exchange of materials across the plasma membrane.

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Providing strength, flexibility, and organization to the cell.

Question 9

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

Water will leave the cell, causing it to shrink.

Question 10

Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing rRNA and assembling ribosomal subunits?

Accepted Answer

Nucleolus

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the process of transcription?

Accepted Answer

The transfer of genetic information from DNA into an RNA molecule in the nucleus.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

Digesting and recycling damaged organelles and cellular debris.

Question 13

A patient with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is likely to experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Frequent respiratory infections due to impaired movement of mucus.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules down their concentration gradient through a membrane protein without using energy.

Question 15

Which of the following is true about osmosis?

Accepted Answer

It is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Question 16

Which of the following organelles is directly involved in the production of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 17

A cell with defective microtubules would have difficulty performing which of the following functions?

Accepted Answer

Distributing chromosomes during cell division.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why cells of the digestive system have projections called villi?

Accepted Answer

To increase the cell's surface area for absorbing nutrients.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into protein.

The Cellular Level of Organization: Structure and Function of Cells

Study Guide - Practice Questions