Q: Which formula best represents the scientific process described in the study materials?

$\text{Observations} \rightarrow \text{Hypothesis} \rightarrow \text{Test Hypothesis}$

Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the Principle of Complementarity in human anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

The structure of the heart valves determines how blood flows through the heart.

Question 2

Arrange the following levels of structural organization in order from simplest to most complex: cell, organ, tissue, molecule, organ system.

Accepted Answer

Molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system

Question 3

A patient is experiencing a fever due to an infection. Which type of feedback mechanism is primarily responsible for the rapid increase in body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback

Question 4

Which organ system is primarily responsible for regulating water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of the blood?

Accepted Answer

Urinary system

Question 5

In a homeostatic control mechanism, what is the role of the effector?

Accepted Answer

To carry out the final corrective action to restore homeostasis

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a property of life as defined in biology?

Accepted Answer

Ability to produce X-rays

Question 7

A scientist observes that mice with fur color matching their habitat have lower predation rates. What type of scientific method is being used?

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis-based science

Question 8

Which imaging technique is best for visualizing soft tissues without exposing the patient to X-rays?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 9

If blood pressure drops when a person stands up, which sequence correctly describes the negative feedback response?

Accepted Answer

Baroreceptors detect change → cardiac center processes information → heart increases rate

Question 10

Which of the following is the smallest unit of life?

Accepted Answer

Cell

Question 11

A patient with type 1 diabetes has high blood glucose because their pancreatic beta cells do not produce insulin. Which component of the homeostatic control mechanism is malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Effector

Question 12

Which organ system contains the cells that direct immune responses?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic system

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback mechanism in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Formation of a platelet plug during blood clotting

Question 14

Which scientist is credited with discovering capillaries in the lungs and is known as the father of microscopic anatomy?

Accepted Answer

Marcello Malpighi

Question 15

Which formula best represents the scientific process described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{Observations} ightarrow 	ext{Hypothesis} ightarrow 	ext{Test Hypothesis}$

Question 16

A person exercises vigorously, causing increased CO$_2$ in the blood. Which homeostatic response will occur?

Accepted Answer

Increased breathing and pulse rates to restore CO$_2$ and O$_2$ balance

Question 17

Which imaging technique involves injecting radioactively labeled glucose to assess tissue metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Positron emission tomography (PET)

Question 18

Which of the following statements about homeostasis is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis is a dynamic process that maintains internal stability despite external changes.

Question 19

Which scientist published the first atlas of anatomy, 'De Humani Corporis Fabrica'?

Accepted Answer

Andreas Vesalius

Question 20

A patient’s blood calcium drops below setpoint, triggering release of PTH, which acts on bones to release calcium. What is the effector in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Bones

The Human Body: An Orientation – Chapter 1 Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards