Question 1

Which principle best explains why the walls of the heart are composed of thick muscular tissue?

Accepted Answer

Principle of complementarity of structure and function

Question 2

A patient is unable to maintain a stable internal temperature after exposure to cold weather. Which necessary life function is most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the afferent pathway in a negative feedback system?

Accepted Answer

It transmits information from the receptor to the control center.

Question 4

During childbirth, uterine contractions intensify as oxytocin is released. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback

Question 5

Which organ system is primarily responsible for eliminating water-soluble wastes from the body?

Accepted Answer

Urinary system

Question 6

A patient presents with pain in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. Which organ is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Appendix

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the levels of structural organization in the human body, from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ system, Organismal

Question 8

Which body cavity increases in size during inspiration?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic cavity

Question 9

A spinal tap is performed to collect cerebrospinal fluid. From which body cavity is the fluid withdrawn?

Accepted Answer

Dorsal cavity

Question 10

Which directional term describes the position of the wrist relative to the elbow?

Accepted Answer

Distal

Question 11

Which organ system is responsible for regulating the acid/base balance of the blood?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory system

Question 12

If a person is standing in anatomical position, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The body is erect with feet slightly apart and palms facing forward.

Question 13

Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts?

Accepted Answer

Coronal (frontal) plane

Question 14

Which of the following is a survival need that directly affects the rate of chemical reactions in the body?

Accepted Answer

Normal body temperature

Question 15

A patient with kidney failure is unable to remove urea from the blood. Which necessary life function is most directly compromised?

Accepted Answer

Excretion

Question 16

Which two organ systems are essential for getting oxygen to tissues?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory and cardiovascular systems

Question 17

Which of the following best describes homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment despite external changes

Question 18

Which organ system stores minerals such as calcium and phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal system

Question 19

A patient with severe dehydration is unable to maintain adequate blood volume. Which survival need is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Water

Question 20

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between catabolism and anabolism in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

$$Catabolism + Anabolism = Metabolism$$

The Human Body: An Orientation – Foundational Concepts in Anatomy & Physiology

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