Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the stratum corneum in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a physical barrier, preventing water loss and protecting against abrasion.

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that is red, swollen, and painful, but no blisters are present. Which type of burn does this most likely represent?

Accepted Answer

First-degree burn

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)?

Accepted Answer

Producing keratin for the epidermis

Question 4

A person with a genetic defect in melanin synthesis is most likely to have which condition?

Accepted Answer

Albinism

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why third-degree burns are often not painful?

Accepted Answer

The burn destroys nerve endings in the affected area.

Question 6

Which of the following glands is responsible for producing a watery secretion that helps regulate body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Eccrine (merocrine) sweat gland

Question 7

A patient has a scaly, reddened papule on the scalp that was diagnosed as a skin cancer involving keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum. Which type of cancer is this?

Accepted Answer

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in wound healing of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation → Migration phase → Proliferative phase → Maturation phase

Question 9

Which pigment is responsible for the yellow to orange coloration of the skin, especially in the palms and soles, and is associated with vitamin A?

Accepted Answer

Carotene

Question 10

A patient with cyanosis is likely experiencing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Low oxygenation of hemoglobin

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of dendritic (Langerhans) cells in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

They activate the immune system by acting as antigen-presenting cells.

Question 12

A person with a mutation that prevents the formation of desmosomes in the epidermis would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Loss of cell-to-cell adhesion, leading to fragile skin that blisters easily

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the arrector pili muscle?

Accepted Answer

Causing hair to stand up, producing 'goosebumps'

Question 14

A patient presents with a large, irregularly shaped, multicolored skin lesion that is larger than 6 mm in diameter. According to the ABCD rule, which type of skin cancer should be most suspected?

Accepted Answer

Melanoma

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why the skin is able to act as a blood reservoir?

Accepted Answer

The dermis contains a rich supply of blood vessels that can hold up to 5% of the body's blood volume.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of the difference between eccrine and apocrine sweat glands?

Accepted Answer

Eccrine glands are primarily involved in thermoregulation, while apocrine glands become active at puberty and may act as scent glands.

Question 17

A patient with a keloid scar has which of the following underlying pathologies?

Accepted Answer

Excessive collagen production that extends beyond the boundaries of the original wound

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of Meissner’s (tactile) corpuscles in the skin?

Accepted Answer

They detect light touch and are located in the dermal papillae.

Question 19

A person with a mutation that prevents the synthesis of keratin in the epidermis would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Fragile skin that is easily damaged and prone to dehydration

Question 20

Which of the following is a metabolic function of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of vitamin D precursor

The Integumentary System: Structure and Function

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