Q: A patient has a burn covering 18% of their total body surface area (TBSA). Using the Parkland formula, calculate the total fluid requirement in the first 24 hours for a 70 kg adult. Use $$4 \times TBSA(\%) \times body\ weight\ (kg).$$

$$4 \times 18 \times 70 = 5040\ mL$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the two main components of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Cutaneous membrane and accessory structures

Question 2

A patient presents with yellowing of the skin and eyes. Which pigment buildup is most likely responsible for this condition?

Accepted Answer

Bilirubin

Question 3

Which layer of the cutaneous membrane is primarily responsible for resisting mechanical stress due to its arrangement of collagen and elastic fibers?

Accepted Answer

Reticular layer of the dermis

Question 4

A parallel incision to cleavage (tension) lines in the skin is preferred in surgery because:

Accepted Answer

It remains closed and heals well

Question 5

Which pigment is produced by melanocytes and transferred to keratinocytes, providing protection against UV radiation?

Accepted Answer

Melanin

Question 6

A patient with vitiligo experiences loss of skin color due to:

Accepted Answer

Loss of melanocytes

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of hair on the human body?

Accepted Answer

Produces vitamin D

Question 8

Which gland produces a watery secretion that helps regulate body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine (eccrine) sweat gland

Question 9

A patient presents with stretch marks (striae) after rapid weight gain. Which layer of the skin is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Reticular layer of the dermis

Question 10

Which structure is responsible for producing hair and is located deep in the dermis?

Accepted Answer

Hair follicle

Question 11

A patient with cyanosis will most likely present with which skin color change?

Accepted Answer

Blue

Question 12

Which layer of the skin contains primarily adipose tissue and is also known as the superficial fascia?

Accepted Answer

Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)

Question 13

Which of the following glands is responsible for producing earwax?

Accepted Answer

Ceruminous gland

Question 14

A patient with albinism lacks which pigment in their skin, hair, and eyes?

Accepted Answer

Melanin

Question 15

Which part of the nail is the visible portion that covers the nail bed?

Accepted Answer

Nail body

Question 16

Which muscle is responsible for causing 'goose bumps' by making hairs stand up?

Accepted Answer

Arrector pili

Question 17

A patient has a burn covering 18% of their total body surface area (TBSA). Using the Parkland formula, calculate the total fluid requirement in the first 24 hours for a 70 kg adult. Use $$4 	imes TBSA(\%) 	imes body\ weight\ (kg).$$

Accepted Answer

$$4 	imes 18 	imes 70 = 5040\ mL$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of sebaceous glands?

Accepted Answer

Lubricate the hair and control bacteria

Question 19

Which pigment accumulates in the epidermal cells and fatty tissues of the dermis, and is responsible for the orange-yellow coloration of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Carotene

Question 20

Which layer of the hair shaft is the central core?

Accepted Answer

Medulla

The Integumentary System: Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance

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