Q: Which of the following equations best represents the percentage of body weight accounted for by the skin?

$$ \text{Skin weight percentage} = \frac{\text{Weight of skin}}{\text{Total body weight}} \times 100 $$

Question 1

Which of the following best explains why the skin is able to regulate body temperature effectively?

Accepted Answer

The dermis contains a capillary network and sweat glands that help regulate heat loss.

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that has damaged both the epidermis and the upper part of the dermis, resulting in blisters and pain. How would you classify this burn?

Accepted Answer

Second-degree burn

Question 3

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for the continuous production of new keratinocytes?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 4

A genetic mutation prevents the production of melanin in the skin. Which cell type is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Melanocytes

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of the arrector pili muscle?

Accepted Answer

Contracts to make hair stand erect when cold or frightened

Question 6

A biopsy reveals a skin cancer arising from keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum. What type of cancer is this?

Accepted Answer

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the hypodermis is correct?

Accepted Answer

It anchors the skin to underlying structures and acts as an insulator.

Question 8

A person with a genetic disorder that prevents the formation of lamellar granules in the stratum granulosum would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Increased susceptibility to dehydration due to impaired waterproofing

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why fingerprints are unique to each individual?

Accepted Answer

They result from the pattern of dermal papillae and epidermal ridges in the papillary dermis.

Question 10

A patient has a mutation that impairs the function of dendritic cells in the epidermis. Which of the following consequences is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Impaired immune response to pathogens entering through the skin

Question 11

Which of the following equations best represents the percentage of body weight accounted for by the skin?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Skin weight percentage} = \frac{	ext{Weight of skin}}{	ext{Total body weight}} 	imes 100 $$

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of sebum produced by sebaceous glands?

Accepted Answer

Lubricates hair and skin, and collects dirt

Question 13

A newborn is covered with a white, cheesy substance called vernix caseosa. What is the primary function of this substance?

Accepted Answer

To protect the fetal skin from amniotic fluid

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between vellus and terminal hair?

Accepted Answer

Vellus hair is fine and body-wide, while terminal hair is coarse and found on the scalp, axilla, and pubic regions.

Question 15

A patient with a third-degree burn will experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Destruction of the entire thickness of the skin

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why the skin is able to synthesize vitamin D?

Accepted Answer

Keratinocytes in the epidermis use UV radiation to convert a cholesterol derivative into vitamin D precursor.

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding the development of the skin during embryonic life?

Accepted Answer

The dermis and hypodermis develop from mesoderm.

Question 18

A patient with a deficiency in tactile epithelial cells would most likely have which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Reduced ability to sense touch

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of the reticular dermis?

Accepted Answer

It accounts for 80% of dermal thickness and provides strength and resilience due to dense irregular connective tissue.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why melanoma is considered the most dangerous type of skin cancer?

Accepted Answer

It arises from melanocytes and has a high potential to metastasize.

The Integumentary System: Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance

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